Lab Quiz 1

Question 1

Cell with primary cell wall (from Pear), stains…

Answer 1

…purple because only has cellulose in cell wall

Question 2

Cell with secondary cell wall (from Pear) stains…

Answer 2

…blue because it contains both lignin and cellulose

Question 3

(onion cell) nucleus location

Answer 3

pushed to the side by the central vacuole in the center of the cell

Question 4

chloroplast shape

Answer 4

oval

Question 5

chloroplast function

Answer 5

photosynthesis

Question 6

chloroplast movement called

Answer 6

“cytoplasmic streaming”

Question 7

chloroplast movement caused by

Answer 7

movement of the cytoskeleton (cytoplasmic streaming)

Question 8

amyloplast function & importance

Answer 8

starch storage

good energy source for humans

Question 9

what is a druse?

where is it found?

Answer 9

intracellular calcium oxalate crystals

found within the central vacuole of the cell

Question 10

apical meristem overall shape

Answer 10

dome

Question 11

leaf primordial

Answer 11

surround and protects apical meristem

Question 12

apical mersitem tunica location & function

Answer 12

at the top of the dome

gives rise to epidermis

Question 13

apical mersitem corpus location and function

Answer 13

towards center of dome

gives rise to body of plant (ground meristem)

Question 14

2 regions of stem dominated by…

Answer 14

…parenchyma: pith & cortex

Question 15

parenchyma in cortex size and function

Answer 15

smaller and function as aids in photosynthesis (chlorenchyma)

Question 16

parenchyma in pith size and function

Answer 16

larger and function as storage cells (parenchyma)

Question 17

Chlorenchyma is a type of ______.
contains?
location?

Answer 17

type of parenchyma that contains chloroplasts, located just below epidermis

Question 18

(water lily leaf) specialized parenchyma =

Answer 18

aerenchyma (with large air spaces for buoyancy)

Question 19

collenchyma primary cell walls are

Answer 19

unevenly thickened

Question 20

In celery, the bundles of _____ are found where?

Answer 20

collenchyma are found just under the epidermis in the region of the stem called the cortex (just under “ridges” of celery stem)

Question 21

(1) schlerenchyma –>

& what kind of growth?

Answer 21

asterosclereid with intrusive growth

Question 22

(2) schlerenchyma –>

with what to notice?

Answer 22

brachysclereid with pits (look like lines) in lignified secondary cell wall

Question 23

(3) schlerenchyma –>

& function

Answer 23

fiber with intrusive growth along axis of plant

their long thin shape and stiff lignified walls help keep the stem supported upright

Question 24

guard cell function

Answer 24

to open and close the stomate (stoma) for the transfer of gases

Question 25

Subsidiary cell function

Answer 25

assist the guard cells in this function

Question 26

stomate (stoma) =

Answer 26

guard cells + pore

Question 27

trichomes = | & what shapes they can take

Answer 27

outgrowths of leaf epidermal cells | simple hair-like, glandular, branched hair-like, stellate/star-like

Question 28

vascular bundles contain | & orientation

Answer 28

phloem & xylem (vascular tissue) | phloem (smaller) towards outside of stem / xylem (larger) towards inside of stem

Question 29

phloem function

Answer 29

transports sugars

Question 30

xylem function

Answer 30

transports water (and mineral nutrients)

Question 31

xylem cell walls are stained ____ because _____....

Answer 31

red because they have a strong substance/chemical in their cell walls called lignin

Question 32

Xylem =

Answer 32

Tracheids + Vessel elements

Question 33

Xylem: Tracheids vs Vessel elements (shape & function)

Answer 33

- Vessel elements = large and wide, & are stacked end to end for more rapid transport of water - Tracheids = thinner and longer & come to tapered ends, & they are not stacked end to end

Question 34

flowering plants main transport phloem cells =

Answer 34

sieve tube elements (sieve tube cells + sieve plate + companion cells)

Question 35

non-flowering plants main transport phloem cells =

Answer 35

sieve cells (with help of albuminous cells)

Question 36

types of viewing sections

Answer 36

cross/transvers section (top-down) radial (up & down + side to side) tangential/longitudinal (up & down)

Question 37

axial regions show... | radial regions show...

Answer 37

vessels, tracheas, fibers, phloem, xylem | rays (modified parenchyma cells)

Question 38

secondary phloem aka

Answer 38

inner bark

Question 39

secondary xylem aka

Answer 39

wood

Question 40

bark has

Answer 40

suberin

Question 41

wood has

Answer 41

lignin

Question 42

bark includes

Answer 42

cork

Question 43

appearance of rings in wood due to

Answer 43

late wood's smaller vessels

Question 44

fiber walls thin or thick? | & function?

Answer 44

thick walls and function in support of vascular tissue

Question 45

each wood ring =

Answer 45

one year of plant growth

Question 46

early wood vs late wood

Answer 46

``` early wood (big & light colored) late wood (small/squished & darker) ```

Question 47

pine wood xylem only has

Answer 47

tracheids (no vessels)

Question 48

tracheids have

Answer 48

bordered pits

Question 49

bordered pits have

Answer 49

margo (outer) & torus (inner)

Question 50

perforation plates of flowering wood are

Answer 50

simple plates

Question 51

The cell in flowering plants that most resembles tracheids is the

Answer 51

fiber!

Question 52

secondary phloem blue/dark structure =

Answer 52

fibers

Question 53

sieve tube elements have

Answer 53

companion cells on each side of them

Question 54

cork cambium separates

Answer 54

cork and cork parenchyma (phelloderm)

Question 55

core cells at maturity are ____ & why?

Answer 55

dead & allows them to take damage without puhng the living tissue of the plant at risk, so the functioning of the plant is not disrupted

Question 56

vascular cambium arises from

Answer 56

procambium

Question 57

fascicular cambium

Answer 57

separates xylem and phloem

Question 58

interfasicular cambium

Answer 58

connects fascicular cambiums

Question 59

fascicular cambium + interfasicular cambium =

Answer 59

vascular cambium