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Flashcards in Vascular tissues Deck (30)
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1
Q

vascular tissues =

A

xylem + phloem

2
Q

xylem function

A

transports water and nutrients (minerals)

3
Q

phloem function

A

transports carbohydrates, hormones, AA’s (sugars)

4
Q

xylem evolved from

A

hydroid cells in nonvascular plants

5
Q

xylem cell walls are (2)

& why?

A

2* cw layers
lignin rich
& to prevent xylem from collapsing

6
Q

2 types of xylem conducting cells

A
tracheids (basal)
vessel elements (derived)
7
Q

tracheid transport through

A

bordered pits

8
Q

vessel elements:
axial transport through?
& lateral transport through?

A
perforation plates (actual holes)
pits
9
Q

vessel elements evolved…

A

…many times (convergence)

10
Q

tracheids vs vessel elements: water transport speed?

A

vessels definitely faster

11
Q

tracheids vs vessel elements: emboli?

A

tracheids trap emboli safely (not stacked)

vessels can block the whole vessel (stacked end to end)

12
Q

types of vessel perforation plates

A

scalariform

simple (only one big hole)

13
Q

water in xylem is under _______ ________ and therefore under _______

A

negative pressure

tension

14
Q

xylem products (2)

A

protoxylem (old / produced when growth occurs)

metaxylem (new / produced 2nd) (vessel)

15
Q

xylem tracheid & vessel arrangements

A

helical & annular

16
Q

1 sugar transported in phloem

A

sucrose

17
Q

phloem is under high

A

osmotic pressure

18
Q

phloem is under ________ ________ and therefore under ___________

A

positive pressure

compression

19
Q

phloem cell walls have

& dont have

A

1* cw’s

& no 2* cw or lignin

20
Q

2 types of phloem transport systems

A
sieve cells (basal)
sieve tube members/elements (derived)
21
Q

sieve cell transport through

A

sieve areas

22
Q

sieve tube members:
axial transport through?
lateral transport through?

A
sieve plates (HUGE 1* pit fields)
sieve areas
23
Q

traits of sieve cells & sieve tube members (4)

A

no nuclei
few organelles (anucleate)
thin cytoplasm
have cells associated with them

24
Q

phloem associated cells

A

sieve cells: albuminous cells

STM: companion cells

25
Q

phloem associated cells function

A

regulatory cells

26
Q

companion cells derived

A

from STM division

27
Q

albuminous cells derived

A

as modified parenchyma cells (independently from sieve cells)

28
Q

both phloem systems have _____ ______ for…

A

sieve areas (big 1* pit fields) for transport

29
Q

phloem reaction to plant injury

A

p proteins & callose plug cell plate & sieve areas

30
Q

fasicular cambium produces

A

cells in the vascular bundle