Lab Test 3 Flashcards
(136 cards)
1
Q
characteristics of animals
A
- mutlicellular
- heterotrophs
- no cell wall
2
Q
flagellated cells that help generate a water-current that flows through the sponge body and facilitates feeding
A
chaoanocytes
3
Q
what do sponges have to help with feeding?
A
chaoanocytes
4
Q
Sponges feed by
A
filter feeding- capture small particles from water
5
Q
Example of a sponge that has calcareous spicules for structural support
A
Grantia
6
Q
large opening at tip of sponge
A
osculum
7
Q
small opening in sponge
A
ostia
8
Q
large central cavity of sponge
A
spongocoel
9
Q
How does water move through sponges?
A
- water drawn in through ostia
- enters spongocoel where choanocytes help it flow
- exits through osculum
10
Q
What type of symmetry do Cnidarians have?
A
radial
11
Q
Tissue in cnidarians
A
2 layers, endoderm and ectoderm
12
Q
jelly like matrix that separates tissue layers in cnidarian
A
mesoglea
13
Q
specialized cells that contain stinging structures in cnidarians
A
cnidocytes
14
Q
stinging structures in cnidarians
A
nematocysts
15
Q
what are cnidocytes used for?
A
capturing prey
16
Q
explain what happens to prey in cnidaria
A
captured by cnidocytes (stung with nematocysts) and passes through mouth to gastrovascular cavity
17
Q
What is common in Cnidaria?
A
polymorphism
18
Q
What are the two forms of polymorphism in cnidaria?
A
sessile polyp and motile medusa
19
Q
What are the three classes of Cnidaria?
A
- Hydrozoa
- Schyphozoa
- Anthozoa
20
Q
colonial hydrozoan that alternates between the polyp and medusae stages in its life cycle
A
Obelia
21
Q
tentacles that function as feeding polyps
A
gasterozoids
22
Q
specialized for the production of medusae
A
gonozoids
23
Q
describe portuguese man of war
A
individuals composed of many hydrozoids that specialize in feeding, reproduction, or float
24
Q
jellyfish class
A
scyphozoa
25
what form is dominant in scyphozoa class?
medusa
26
produces immature medusae through asexual reproduction
strobilus
27
corals and anemones class
Anthozoa
28
Anthozoans only occur as
polyps
29
many anthozoans can build skeletons of
calcium carbonate (hard) or protein (soft)
30
What makes anthozoans more complex?
digestive system, gastrovascular cavity partitioned by mesenteries to increase surface area
31
flatworms (platyhelminthes) tissue layers
3- endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm
32
flatworms (platyhelminthes) symmetry
bilateral
33
classes of platyhelminthes
Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda
34
What are the parasitic classes of platyhelminthes?
trematoda and cestoda
35
Turbellaria
planarians
36
how do turbellaria move?
cilia
37
trematoda
flukes
38
what is the purpose of the suckers on flues?
allow the parasites to attach to host
39
trematoda are (blank)
hermaphroditic/monoecious
40
what are cestoda's bodies specialized for?
absorption of nutrients from host and producing huge quantities of eggs
41
sections of tapeworm body
proglottids
42
cestoda
tapeworm
43
head of tapeworm
scolex
44
mollusk tissue and symmetry
3 layers, bilaterial
45
mollusca
snails, clams, squid, octopus
46
mollusca possess a body filled cavity called
hemoceoal
47
think layer of tissue that covers the visceral mass and secretes the shell
mantle
48
what is a organ present in all mollusca?
muscular foot
49
many of the internal organs in a mollusca are located in the
visceral mass
50
specialized feeding structure
radula
51
Classes of mollusca
Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, Bivalvia
52
Polyplacophora
chitons
53
chiton characteristics
live on rocks, algae with radula, attach to rock with foot, 8 part shell
54
gastropoda
snails, slugs
55
common characteristic of gastropods
coiled shell
56
used to seal animal in coiled shell in gastropoda
operculum
57
cephalopoda
squid, octopus, chambered nautilus
58
cephalopoda foot
anterior and divided into 8-10 tentacles and a siphon
59
describe siphon
water expelled from body cavity through it which propells animal through water
60
what does a chambered nautilus look like?
chambered and coiled shell
61
bivalivia
clams, mussels
62
squid eyes and vertebrate eyes are (blank)
analogous, convergent evolution
63
incurrent siphon function
water and food enter
64
excurrent siphon function
water leaves animal
65
Annelida posses body cavity lined with
coelom
66
Annelida gut
complete
67
Phylum Annelida classes
- Polychaeta
- Oligochaeta
- Hirudinea
68
Polychaeta
polychaete worms
69
Hirudinea
leeches
70
Oligochaeta
earthworms, tubifix worms
71
Polychaeta characterisitcs
- setae on each segment
| - footlike appendages parapodia
72
Hirudinea characteristics
- no internal segments
| - suckers
73
Oligochaeta characterisitcs
- no parapodia
| - hermaphroditic
74
Important characterisitc of ecdysozoans
molting- shedding skin
75
ecdysozoans consist of
nematoda, onychophora, tardigrada, arthropoda, trilobita, chelicerata, merostomata, myriapoda, hexaploda, crustacea
76
Nematodes
roundworms
77
nematode body cavity
pseudocoelom
78
cavity in which gut and reproductie organs lie in nemates
pseudocoelom
79
onychophora and tardigrada form a sister group to
arthropod lineages
80
arthropods shared characteristics
chitinous exoskeleton, segment body,
| dominant group in every habitat
81
trilobita characteristics
fossils with tri-lobed body
82
chelicerata characteristics
paired appendeges, digest externally, chelicerae and pedipalps
83
used to tear food into small pieces
chelicerae
84
aid in prey capture and food manipulation
pedipalps
85
Merostomata
horseshoe crabs and arachnida
86
myriapoda
centipedes and millipedes
87
myriapoda characteristics
antennae and mouthparts with mandibles
88
chilopoda
centipedes have a single pair of legs on each body segment and poison claws by head
89
diplopoda
millipedes, two pair of leges from each segment and no claws
90
hexapoda
insects (insecta) and other 6 legged animals
91
insect body
head, thorax, abdomen
92
crustacea
crabs, shrimp, crayfish
93
porifera
- animal
- no true tissue or symmetry
- specialized cells
- filter feeders
94
cnidaria
- animal
- true tissue
- radial symmetry
- ecto and endo
- incomplete gut
- nematocyst
- polymorphic (polyp and medusa)
95
platyhelminthes
- animal
- true tissue
- bilateral symmetry
96
characteristics of animals
- eukaryotic
- heterotrophic
- multicellular
- lack cell wall
97
describe filter feeding
water in through osculum through flagella- choanocytes
98
anthozoa key notes
- polyps
- anemone and coral
- septa
99
hydrozoa key notes
- medusa and polyp
| - hydra, obella, and physalia
100
scyphozoa
- medusa
| - jellyfish
101
difference between polyp and medusa
fixed cylinder, asexual vs umbrella free swimming, sexual
102
platyhelminthes key notes
- flat worms
- 3 layers tissue
- bilaterial
- cephalization (head)
- incomplete gut
103
dorsal
back
104
ventral
belly
105
anterior
head
106
posterior
end
107
turbellaria key notes
planarian
free living
cilia
108
trematoda key notes
fluke
| parasites
109
cestoda key notes
tapeworm
scolex
proglottids
110
molluska
- animal
- true tissue
- bilateral
- complete gut
- body cavity
111
molluska key notes
- visceral mass
- mantle
- open circulatory system
- hemocoel (blood cavity)
- radual
- foot
112
polyplacophora key notes
- many plates
| - mantle, gills, foot, chiton
113
gastropoda key notes
- snails, slugs
- mantle
- conch like shell
114
cehpalopoda key notes
- squid, octopus, chambered nautilus
| - head, foot
115
bivalvia key notes
-filter feeders
116
crayfish key notes
-segment, molts, arthropod (jointed appendage)
117
How many antenna in crayfish?
2 (1 pair)
118
How many antennules in crayfish?
2 (1 pair)
119
How many swimmerets in crayfish?
10 (5 pair)
120
How many walking legs in crayfish?
8 (4 pair)
121
How many chelipeds in crayfish?
2 (1 pair)
122
How many segments in crayfish?
2 (cephalothorax and abdomen)
123
phylum annelida key notes
-monophyletic
124
class olgochaeta key notes
- annelida
- "few bristles/hairs"
- earthworms
125
class polychaeta key notes
- annelida
| - "many bristles/hairs"
126
class hirudinea key notes
- annelida
| - leeaches
127
phylum nematoda key notes
- roundworms
- c elegans
- elephantitis spread by mosquitos
128
phlyum onychophora key notes
- velvet worms
- blocks
- sourthern hemisphere
129
phylum tardingrada key notes
- water bears
| - up to 1 mm
130
phylum arthropoda key notes
-jointed appendeges
131
class trilobites key notes
- arthropoda
- extinct 250 mya
- similar to polyplactophora
- little legs
132
class merostoma key notes
- arthropoda
| - horseshoe crab (carapace)
133
class arachnids key notes
- arthropoda
- spiders, scorpians, ticks,
- 8 legs
134
class chilopoda key notes
- arthropoda
- centipede
- 1 pair legs/segment
- predators
135
class diplopoda key notes
- arthropoda
- millipedes
- 2 pair legs/ segment
- herbivores
136
class insecta key notes
- beetles, mantis, ants, butterflies, dragonflies,
- 5 million species
- head, thorax, abdomen
- 6 legs
