LAB1. The Microscope

Question 1

Instrument equipped with various lenses that is used to magnify objects that are not easily seen by the naked eye

Answer 1

Microscope

Question 2

He was a Dutch scientist who is commonly known as the “Father of Microbiology.”

He made significant contributions to the field of microscopy and the understanding of microscopic organisms.

He is renowned for his development and improvement of the microscope.

Answer 2

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 3

2 basic principles of microscopes (what do they do?)

Answer 3

1. Magnification
2. Resolution

Question 4

It means the number of times the image of an object is enlarged compared with the actual size of the object when seen by the unaided eye

Answer 4

Magnification

Question 5

The ability to see objects that are close together distinctly

Answer 5

Resolution

Question 6

What is the Total Magnification Formula?

Answer 6

Ocular magnification X Objective magnification = Total Magnification

Ex.
(10x) X (40x) = 400x

Question 7

What is resolving power of human eye?

Answer 7

0.02 mm

Question 8

What is resolving power of compound light microscope?

Answer 8

0.2 micrometers (μm)

Question 9

What is resolving power of transmission electron microscope?

Answer 9

0.2 nanometers (nm)

Question 10

These types of microscopes are based on the simple principle of light and lens

Answer 10

Light Microscope

Question 11

Light microscope that uses single lens

Answer 11

Simple Light Microscope

Question 12

Light microscope that uses a set of lens or lens system (transmitted light)

Answer 12

Compund Light Microscope

Question 13

Light microscope that uses a set of lens or lens system (reflected light)

Answer 13

Dissceting Light Microscope

Question 14

__________ is an optical instrument which consists of a single lens or magnifying glass set in a frame; it has low magnifying power and produces an enlarge upright image of an object.

Answer 14

Simple or single microscope

Question 15

Light microscope that uses a set of lens or lens system (reflected electron beam)

Answer 15

Scanning Electron Microscope

Question 16

__________ is an optical instrument that can magnify an image up to several hundred times the actual size of an object.

Answer 16

Compound microscope

Question 17

__________ is essentially two microscopes, one for each eye, mounted on a single body for convenient use.

Answer 17

Stereoscopic microscope

Question 18

__________ can magnify an image several thousand times the actual size of a very minute object which cannot be perceived even by the most powerful lenses of an optical microscope.

Answer 18

Electron microscope

Question 19

Light microscope that uses a set of lens or lens system (transmitted electron beam)

Answer 19

Transmission Electron Microscope

Question 20

In light microscopy, objects are measured in __________

Answer 20

Micrometers (μm)

Question 21

1 micrometer (μm) is equal to:

Answer 21

1/1000th of 1 mm

Question 22

In electron microscopy, objects are measured in __________

Answer 22

Nanometers (nm)

Question 23

1 nanometer (nm) is equal to:

Answer 23

1/1000th of 1 μm

Question 24

3 Parts of Compund Microscope (3)

Answer 24

1. Mechanical Parts
2. Magnifying Parts
3. Illuminating Parts

Question 25

What is the function of mechanical parts of microscope?

Answer 25

Used to support and adjust the parts

Question 26

What is the function of magnifying parts of microscope?

Answer 26

Used to enlarge the specimen

Question 27

What is the function of illuminating parts of microscope?

Answer 27

Used to provide light

Question 28

Bottom most part of microscope used to support the entire/ lower microscope

Answer 28

Base

Question 29

Part above the base that supports the other parts

Answer 29

Pillar

Question 30

Allows for tilting of the microscope for convenience of user

Answer 30

Inclination Joint

Question 31

Curved/ slanted part which is held while carrying the microscope

Answer 31

Arm/neck

Question 32

Platform with a central aperture where the object to be examined is placed

Answer 32

Stage

Question 33

Secures the specimen to the stage

Answer 33

Stage clips

Question 34

Attached to the arm and bears the objective lens

Answer 34

Body tube

Question 35

Cylindrical structure on top of the body tube that holds the ocular lenses

Answer 35

Draw tube

Question 36

Rotating disc where the objectives are attached

Answer 36

Revolving/ Rotating Nosepiece

Question 37

Lies atop the nosepiece and keeps dusts from settling on the objectives

Answer 37

Dust shield

Question 38

Geared to the body tube which elevates or lowers when rotated, bringing the object into approximate focus

Answer 38

Coarse adjustment knob

Question 39

A smaller knob for delicate focusing bringing the object into perfect focus

Answer 39

Fine adjustment knob

Question 40

Elevates and lowers the condenser to regulate the intensity of light

Answer 40

Condenser adjustment knob

Question 41

Lever infront of the condenser and which is moved horizontally to open/close the diaphragm

Answer 41

Iris Diaphragm Lever

Question 42

Located beneath the stage and has concave and plane surfaces to gather and diect light in order to illuminate the object

Answer 42

Mirror

Question 43

A built-in illuminator beneath the stage that may be used if sunlight is is not preferred or available

Answer 43

Electric lamp

Question 44

Regulates the amount of light necessary to obtain a clearer view of the object

Answer 44

Iris diaphragm

Question 45

A set of lenses between the mirror and the stage that concentrates light rays on the specimen

Answer 45

Condenser

Question 46

Another set of lens found on top of the body tube which functions to furthe rmagnify the image produced by the objective lens. It usually ranges form 5x to 15x

Answer 46

Ocular or Eyepiece

Question 47

Metal cyclinders attached below the nosepiece and contains especially ground and polished lenses

Answer 47

Objectives

Question 48

Gives the lowest magnification, usually 10x

Answer 48

LPO or Low Power Objective

Question 49

Gives higher magnification, usually 40x or 43x

Answer 49

HPO or High Power Objective

Question 50

Gives the highest magnification usually 97x or 100x and is used with either cedarwood oil or synthetic oil

Answer 50

OIO or Oil Immersion Objective

Question 51

Can magnify up to 4x

Answer 51

Scanner objective