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NCLEX: Mark Klimek Lectures > Labs > Flashcards

Labs Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 priority levels used when studying these cards?

A

a: abnormal but not a priority, don’t need to do anything about it, can wait until the Dr discovers it

b: abnormal, concerned, monitor

c: critical, do something about it, inform Dr

d: highest priority

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2
Q

what is the best indicator of kidney fnxn

A
  • creatinine
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3
Q

what are the 4 steps to do if a lab level is priority lvl C

A

1) hold (whatever is applicable to the lab)
2) focused assessment
3) prepare to give (whatever would help)
4) call appropriate HCP

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4
Q

what is the normal creatinine lvl

A

0.6-1.2

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5
Q

what priority lvl is an abnormal creatinine

A

A

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6
Q

increased creatinine indicates?

A
  • kidney disease
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7
Q

what is normal INR lvl

A

in 2s-3s

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8
Q

a INR lvl > or equal to 4 is what priority lvl?

A

C

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9
Q

what do you do if the INR lvl is > or equal to 4

A
  1. hold warfarin
  2. focused assessment, assess for bleeding
  3. prepare vitamin K
  4. call HCP
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10
Q

what is a normal potassium lvl

A

3.5-5.3 (or 5, Mark says NCLEX uses 5.3)

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11
Q

a potassium lvl greater than 3.5 is what priority lvl?

A

C

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12
Q

what do you do if a potassium lvl is >3.5

A

1) hold anything with potassium
2) assess heart
3) prep kayexelate and regular insulin
4) call Dr

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13
Q

a potassium lvl > or equal to 6 is what priority lvl?

A

D

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14
Q

what do you do if a potassium lvl is > or equal to 6

A

1) hold anything with potassium
2) assess heart
3) prep kayexelate and regular insulin
4) call Dr.

  • do this STAT, have multiple people involved, do not leave bedside
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15
Q

what is normal pH lvl

A

7.35-7.45

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16
Q

a pH lvl in the 6s is which priority lvl?

A

D

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17
Q

what do you do if a pH is in the 6s

A

1) assess VS
2) call Dr ASAP

(orders will be related to treating underlying cause)

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18
Q

what is a normal BUN lvl

A

8-25

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19
Q

if a BUN is increased, what do you assess for?

A
  • dehydration

(dehydration is often a good guess with questions about imbalances if you aren’t sure)

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20
Q

what is a normal hgb

A
  • general: 12-18
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21
Q

a hgb of 8-11 is what lvl of priority?

A

B

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22
Q

what do you do with a hgb of 8-11

A
  • assess for anemia or malnutrition
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23
Q

a hgb <8 is what lvl of priority?

A

C

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24
Q

what do you do with a hgb of <8

A

1) assess for bleeding
2) prep to admin blood
3) call Dr

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25
Q

what is a normal bicarb lvl

A

22-26

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26
Q

an abnormal bicarb is what lvl of priority?

A

A

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27
Q

what is a normal CO2 lvl

A
  • 35-45
28
Q

a CO2 level in the 50s is which priority lvl?

A

C

29
Q

what do you do with a CO2 in the 50s

A

1) assess resp status
2) prepare: pursed lip breathing
3) often don’t need to call (the pursed lip breathing often helps)

30
Q

a CO2 lvl in the 60s is which priority lvl?

A

D (criteria for resp failure)

31
Q

what do you do with a CO2 lvl in the 60s

A

1) assess resp status
2) prep to intubate and extubate
3) call RT first, then Dr

32
Q

what is normal hct lvl

A

36-54

33
Q

an increased hct lvl is which priority lvl?

A

B

34
Q

what do you assess with an increased hct lvl

A
  • dehydration
35
Q

what is normal PO2 lvl

A

78-100 (via ABG)

36
Q

a low PO2, in the 70-77 is which priority lvl?

A

C

37
Q

what do you do with a PO2 lvl of 70-77

A

1) assess resp
2) O2
3) may not need to call (O2 often corrects it)

38
Q

what lvl of priority is a PO2 in the 60s

A

D (criteria for resp failure)

39
Q

what do you do with a PO2 lvl in the 60s

A

1) assess resp
2) prep to intubate and extubate
3) O2 on
3) call Dr

40
Q

with hypoxia, what is the first sign? second?

A
  • first = increased HR
  • second = increased RR
41
Q

what is a normal O2 sat lvl

A
  • 93-100
42
Q

an O2 sat <93% is which priority lvl?

A

C

43
Q

what do you do if an SO2 <93%

A

1) assess
2) O2

44
Q

an SO2 <95% in peds is which priority lvl?

A

bad (he didn’t give a lvl)

45
Q

in what situation is an SO2 invalidated?

A
  • with anemia –> causes it to be falsely high
46
Q

what is the best indicator of CHF

A

BNP

47
Q

what is a normal BNP lvl

A

<100

48
Q

a BNP lvl >100 is which level of priority?

A

B

49
Q

what should you do with a BNP level of >100

A
  • monitor for CHF
50
Q

what is a normal Na lvl

A

135-145

51
Q

a high or low Na lvl is which priority lvl?

A

B

52
Q

what do you do if there is a high Na lvl

A
  • assess dehydration
53
Q

what do you do if there is a low Na lvl

A
  • assess for fluid overload
54
Q

an abnormal Na lvl and change in LOC is which priority lvl?

A

C –> safety issue

55
Q

what is a normal WBC lvl

A

5000-11 000

56
Q

an abnormal WBC lvl is which priority lvl?

A

C

57
Q

what is a normal absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

A

> 500

58
Q

what is a normal CD4 lvl?

A

> 200

59
Q

a CD4 <200 indicates? >20?

A

RELISTEN TO LECTURE

60
Q

any abnormalities in WBC, ANC, or CD4 are which lvl of priority?

A

C

61
Q

what do you do if there are any abnormalities in WBC, ANC, or CD4?

A

1) assess for infection
2) neutropenic precautions

62
Q

study neutropenic precautions

A
63
Q

relisten to plts

A
64
Q

what is normal RBC lvl

A

4-6 million

65
Q

an abnormal RBC lvl is which priority lvl?

A

B

66
Q

what are the 5 abnormal lab lvls that are “D” priority?

A
  • pH in 6s
  • CO2 in 60s
  • K+ in 6s
  • SPO2 in 60s
  • plt <40 000

NCLEX: Mark Klimek Lectures (20 decks)

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