Maternal & Newborn Flashcards by Samantha Porteous

how do you calculate due date?

1st day of LMP + 7 days - 3 months

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how long is the 1st trimester?

1-13 weeks

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how long is the 2nd trimester?

14-27 weeks

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how long is the 3rd trimester

28-42 weeks

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what is the total weight gain a person should gain during pregnancy

28 lbs plus or minus 3 lbs

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how much weight is gained in the 1st trimester

1lb/month x3 = 3lbs

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how much weight is gained in the 2nd trimester

1 lb/week

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how much weight is gained in the 3rd trimester

1 lb/week

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what is a general rule to determine how much weight a person person should have gained at a certain gestation week?

week of gestation - 9

ex. if 24 weeks gestation, should have gained 15 lbs

(if off by 1-2 lbs, okay. off by 3lbs, assess. off by 4lbs, trouble)

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at what point is the fundus palpable?

12 weeks (end of first trimester)

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at what point is the fundus at U

20-22 weeks gestation

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what is the date of viability

22-24 weeks

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what can identifying fundal height help do?

help determine trimester

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at what point is the fundus above U?

3rd trimester

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at what point is the fundus at or below U

2nd trimester

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what are positive signs of pregnancy

fetal skeleton on xray
fetal presence on US
auscultation of FHR
examiner palpates fetal mvmt

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when is the FHR heard

8-12 weeks

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what are probable/presumptive signs of pregnancy

urine & blood tests
chadwicks
cervical softening
uterine softening
symptoms: nausea, urinary freq etc.

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at what point does quickening (feeling kicks) happen?

16-20 weeks

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what is the pattern of office visits (prenatal visits)

1x month until week 28 (6 months)
q2 weeks from 28-36 weeks (4 times)
every week until delivery or week 42

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normal hgb in pregnancy

…

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when does morning sickness occur in pregnancy

1st trimester

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what is the treatment for morning sickness

dried carbohydrate before they get out of bed

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when does urinary incontinence occur in pregnancy

1st and 3rd trimester

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what is included in care for urinary incontinence in pregnancy

- void q2hours

when does difficult breathing occur in pregnancy

- 2nd and 3rd trimester

what is included in care for difficulty breathing in pregnancy

- tripod position

when does back pain occur in pregnancy?

2nd and 3rd trimester

what is included in care for back pain in pregnancy

pelvic tilt exercises (tilt forward)

what is the truest sign of labour

- contractions that are regular and progressive

what is dilation

- opening of the cervix, 0-10 cm

what is effacement

- thinning of cervix, 0-100%

what is station

- relationship between fetal presenting part to mom's ischial spines

what does -, +, and 0 station mean

- = above + = below 0 = engagement

what is lie

- relationship between spine of mother and spine of baby

what does transverse lie mean?

- perpendicular

what is presentation

- part of baby entering birth canal first

what are 4 stages of labour

1) labour 2) delivery 3) placenta 4) recovery (2 hours after placenta)

what is the purpose of cnxns in the 1st stage of labour

- dilate and effacement

what is the purpose of cnxns in the 2nd stage of labour

- push baby out

what is the purpose of cnxns in the 3rd stage of labour

- push placenta out

what is the purpose of contractions in the 4th stage of labour

- control bleeding

what are the 3 phases of the 1st stage of labour

1) latent 2) active 3) transition

what is the dilation, cnxn frequency, duration, and intensity in the 1st phase of labour

- 0-4cm - cnxns q5-30 minutes - cnxn duration: 15-30 sec - intensity: mild

what is the dilation, cnxn frequency, duration, and intensity in the 2nd phase of labour

- 5-7cm - q3-5 minutes - duration: 30-60 sec - moderate intensity

what is the dilation, cnxn frequency, duration, and intensity in the 3rd phase of labour

- 8-10 cm - q2 min - 60-90 sec duration - strong intensity

contractions should not be...

- >90 sec - closer than q2min

what is contraction frequency?

- beginning of cnxn to the beginning of the next

what is contraction duration

- beginning to end of 1 contraction

painful back labour can indicate..

- OP baby

what do you do with painful back labour?

- position off back (hands and knees) - then push (sacral pressure)

what is the priority of cord prolapse

- emergency! high priority

what do you do if there is cord prolapse

- push (head back up so it's off cord) - and reposition (hands and knees)

what are general interventions for all other labour complications

Left side Increase IV fluids Oxygenate Notify physician

in an OB crisis, what should you do first

- stop synto

when should you not (reconsider giving) give pain meds to a pt in labour?

- if the baby is likely to be born during its peak (so if IV, in 15-30 min)

what is normal FHr

110-160

what is the priority of low FHR (<100)? what do you do?

- bad Left side Increase IV O2 Notify physician

what is the priority of high FHR (>160)? what do you do?

- nothing major - take mom's temp

what do you do if there is low baseline variability

LION & stop synto

is high variability good or bad

- good

what is a late decel? what do you do?

- decrease in HR at end or after contraction - LION, bad

what is an early decel? what's its priority

- decrease in HR that mirrors the cnxn - normal

what is a variable decel? what is its priority

- icicle - very bad

a variable decel may mean?

- cord compression/prolapse

an early decel means?

- head compression

a late decel means?

- uteroplacental insufficiency

what do you do after the delivery of the placenta

- make sure it's all there - look for 3 vessels (2 artery, 1 vein)

what is the assessments & their freq done in the 4th stage of labour

- VS q15min x4 - fundal check q15 minx4 - assess bleeding, S&S of shock

what assessments are done post partum? frequency?

q4-8h Breasts Uterine fundus** Bladder Bowel Lochia Episiotomy Extremities + hgb, hct, affect, discomfort

is a cephalohematoma normal in newborns? what is it?

yes - bleeding or hemorrhage under the scalp

is caput succedenam normal in newborns? what is it?

- yes - swelling or edema of the scalp that crosses sutures

when is hyperbilirubinemia normal in newborns

- if occurs after 24 hrs

what are tocolytics? what is an example

- meds that stop labour ex. mag sulfate, turbutaline

administering too much mag sulfate can cause?

too much Mg = decreased HR, decreased BP, decreased reflexes, decreased RR, decreased LOC, etc.

what is the use of betamethasone in pregnancy?

- for fetal lung maturity

Maternal & Newborn Flashcards

(77 cards)