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NCLEX: Mark Klimek Lectures > Psych Drugs > Flashcards

Psych Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what are 7 stages of the nurse-pt relationship

A
  • pre-interaction
  • intro
  • orientation
  • working
  • termination
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2
Q

what are 7 principles for psych

A

1) do not give or accept gifts
2) do not give advice, rather “what do u think u should do?”
3) do not give gaurantees “if you _____, ____ will happen”
4) if pt says something, best answer = one that keeps them talking
5) do not use slang (may take literally)
6) use empathy!

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3
Q

ALL psych drugs have which symptoms

A
  • hypotension
  • weight changes (often weight gain)
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4
Q

1st generation antipsychotics end in

A

_____zine

ex. phenothiazine

(think: zines for the zane (insane))

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5
Q

what is the action of 1st gen antipsychotics

A
  • decrease psych symptoms
  • does not cure
  • large dose = anti psychotic
  • major tranquilizers = big guns
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6
Q

what are side effects of 1st gen antipsychotics

A

Anticholinergics
Blurred Vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
EPS
Fotosensitivity (photosensitivity)
aGranulocytosis (low WBC)

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7
Q

what are anticholinergic side effectrs

A
  • dry mouth
  • blurry vision
  • constipation
  • decreased urination
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8
Q

what is decanoate?

A
  • drugs that contain a decanoate ester, which is a chemical group that prolongs the action of the drug in the body

ex. haldol decanoate

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9
Q

what are tricyclic antidepressants

A
  • old type of anti-depressant
  • NSSRIs
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10
Q

what do tricyclic antidepressants do

A
  • increase mood
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11
Q

what are examples of tricyclic antidepressntas?

A

ex. amitriptyline, clomipramine, notriptyline

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12
Q

what are side effects of tricylic antidepressants

A

Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
Euphoria

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13
Q

how long does it take before tricyclic antidepressants work

A

2-4 weeks

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14
Q

what are benzos used for

A
  • anti anxiety
  • minor tranquilizer
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15
Q

what are examples of benzos

A
  • have “zep” in them

ex. diazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam

(think “zeps” and “zines” are tranquilizers, zzz’s make you sleep)

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16
Q

what are indications for benzos

A
  • pre-op for anesthesia
  • alcohol withdrawal
  • seizures
  • muscle relaxant
  • help when fighting ventilator
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17
Q

how long can people take benzos

A
  • no longer than 2-4 weeks
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18
Q

how long until benzos work?

A
  • work quickly
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19
Q

what are side effects of benzos

A

Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness

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20
Q

what risk is associated with benzos

A
  • risk of safety and injury
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21
Q

what are MAO inhibitors

A
  • type of antidepressant
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22
Q

what are examples of MAO inhibitors

A
  • phenelzine
  • selegiline
  • tranylcypromine
23
Q

what are side effects of MAO inhibitors

A

Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness

24
Q

what pt teaching should be provided r/t MAO inhibitors

A

to prevent a severe, acute, sometimes fatal, HTN crisis:
- avoid all foods with tyramine
- no OTC meds

25
Q

what are examples of foods with tyramine

A
  • Banana, Avacado, Raisons/dried fruit (think salad BAR)
  • no organ meats
  • no preserved meats
  • no hotdogs
  • no cheese except cottage and mozza
  • no yogurt
  • no alcohol
  • no chocolate, caffeine,
  • no soya sauce
  • no liquorice
26
Q

what is lithium used for

A
  • treats bipolar disorder
  • decreases mania
27
Q

lithium is the only psych drug that doesnt…

A
  • alter neurotransmitting –> is an electrolyte
28
Q

what are side effects of lithium

A

Peeing
Pooping
Paresthesia (1st side effect of all electrolyte imbalances)

29
Q

what are signs of lithium toxicity

A
  • tremor
  • diarrhea (severe)
  • metallic taste
30
Q

what interventions should be implemented if on lithium

A
  • increase fluids (r/o dehydration due to increased peeing & pooping, watch Na)
  • if sweaty +++, no free water, give gatorade or an electrolyte solution
31
Q

lithium is closely related to… how so?

A

Na
- low Na = lithium more toxic
- high Na = lithium ineffective
- normal Na required for lithium to be effective

32
Q

what is fluoxetine

A

an SRRI anti-depressant

33
Q

what are side effects of fluoxetine/SSRIs

A

Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
Euphoria
Insomnia (give before noon & not at hs)

34
Q

what the dose of fluoxetine is changed in a adolescent or young adult, what should you monitor for?

A
  • increased risk of suicidal ideation
35
Q

what is haldol/haloperidol?

A
  • a long acting IM antipsychotic
  • typical 1st gen anti-psychotic
36
Q

what are side effects of haloperidol

A

Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
EPS
Fotosensitivity
aGranulocytosis

37
Q

what might elderly pts on haloperidol develop if overdosing?

A

Neuroleptic
Malignant
Syndrome
(EMS)

38
Q

what is EMS

A
  • potentially fatal hyperpyrexia (fever) with temps of 106-108
  • medical emergency
39
Q

a haloperidol dose for older adults should be what compared to adults>

A

1/2

40
Q

what are other signs of NMS

A
  • tremors
  • anxiety
  • altered mental status
  • muscle rigidity
41
Q

what is the first action if a questions tells you they are taking a major transquilizer and have symptoms of anxiety, tremors, and confusion?

A
  • take their temp.
42
Q

what is clozapine? what is it used for

A
  • prototype atypical anti-psychotic
  • used for severe schizo
43
Q

what is an advantage to using clozapine? disadvantage?

A
  • advantage: no ABCDEF side effects
  • disadvantage: agranulocytosis –> monitor
44
Q

typical antipsychotics (major tranquilizers) end in…

A
  • ____zine
45
Q

2nd generation atypical anti-psychotics (major tranq) end in…

A
  • ____ zapine
46
Q

minor tranquilizers end in…

A

_____zep

47
Q

what is geodon/ziprasidone?

A
  • used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
48
Q

what is a signif side effect of ziprasidone

A
  • prolongs QT interval = risk of sudden cardiac arrest
  • DO NOT use in people with heart problem
49
Q

what is setraline

A
  • SSRI
50
Q

what is a side effect of setraline

A

insomnia

51
Q

what are interactions that occur with setraline

A
  • increases toxicities of other drugs = decrease dose of other drugs
  • st john’s wart –> serotine syndrome
  • warfarin –> increases risk of hemorrhage, decrease warfarin dose
52
Q

what are signs of serotine syndrome

A

Sweating
Apprehension
Dizziness

Headache

( think “SAD Head”)

53
Q
A

NCLEX: Mark Klimek Lectures (20 decks)

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