Labs Flashcards by Ryan DeVillez

Q

Cockcroft-gault equation

A

Crcl = (140-age) * kg (0.85 if female) / (72*Scr)

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Q

Why is anion gap used?

A

Differential diagnosis of metabolic acidosis

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Q

Anion gap calculation

A

Sodium - (Cl+HCO3)

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Q

BMI calculation

A

Kg/m2

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Q

When are elevated AST / ALT concerning?

A

When over 3 times upper limit of normal

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Q

Adjusted body weight calculation

A

IBW + 0.4 (ABW - IBW)

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Q

Ideal body weight calculation

A

Male 50 kg + 2.3 kg for each inch over 5 feet
Female 45.5 kg + 2.3 kg for each inch over 5 feet

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Q

Red blood cell range

A

3.35-5.5 million/uL

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Q

WBC range

A

4.1-10.9 thousand/uL

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Q

Hemoglobin range

A

12.9-16.6 g/dL

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Q

Hematocrit range

A

42-50% males
37-47% females

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Q

What is hematocrit?

A

Red blood cell volume over whole blood volume

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Q

Mean corpuscular volume range

A

81-95 femtoliters

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Q

What is mean corpuscular volume?

A

Hct × 10 / rbc, used to determine type of anemia

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Q

Platelet count range

A

150k-450k/uL

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Q

Neutrophils range

A

50-70%

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Q

Lymphocytes range

A

30-45%

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Q

Examples of lymphocytes

A

T cells and B cells

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Q

Monocytes range

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A

0-6 %

Q

Examples of monocytes

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A

Macrophages and dendritic cells

Q

Basophils range

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A

0-1%

Q

3 Basophil functions

Study These Flashcards

A

Phagocytose foreign bodies, release histamine (hypersensitivity), and prevent blood clots by releasing heparin

Q

Eosinophil range

Study These Flashcards

A

0-3 %

Q

What do eosinophils do?

Study These Flashcards

A

Activate allergic response and kill parasites

3 types of leukocyte

Granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes

3 types of granulocyte

Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils

Blood glucose range

70-100 mg/dL

Blood urea nitrogen range

8-20 mg/dL

What does elevation in BUN indicate?

Volume depletion

Scr range

0.5-1.1 female 0.7-1.3 male

What does creatinine elevation mean?

Reduced water flow from blood across glomerulus

Sodium range

136-145 mEq/L

Potassium range

3.5-5 mEq/L

Chloride range

98-106 mEq/L

Serum CO2 range

23-30 mEq/L

Calcium range

8.6-10.2 mg/dL

Albumin range

3.5-5.5 g/dL

Bilirubin range

0.3-1 mg/dL

What can low albumin mean?

Kidney disease, liver disease, inflammation

What can high albumin mean?

Dehydration

What is direct bilirubin?

The liver has processed it to enable excretion

What is indirect bilirubin?

Bilirubin bound to albumin

AST range

10-40 units/L

ALT range

10-40 units/L

Alkaline phosphatase range

30-120 units/L

What is alkaline phosphatase?

Enzyme released in excess when liver damage or bone building (growth)