Last Chnace Zzz Flashcards
(137 cards)
1
Q
% of patient developing agranulocytosis in the first year
Percentage of ppl developing neutropenia
A
- 2%
1. 5-3%
2
Q
% of fetal malformation with sodium valproate
A
7%
3
Q
Trazodone can cause sedation by
A
Alpha adrenergic
4
Q
Compliance intervention is best in
A
cognitive motivational intervention
5
Q
Which of the following antipsychotics is recommended for mixed affective states in bipolar disorder
A
Olanzapine
6
Q
Acamprosate is a
A
NOn competitive NMDA blocker
7
Q
Unemotional traits heritability is
A
30-40%
8
Q
Which of the following types of chromosomes undergo Robertsonian translocation
A
Acricentric
9
Q
Which brain structure is spared during normal aging
A
Cranial nerve nuclei
10
Q
Somatosensory dendritic inhibition of 5HT release is regulated by
A
5HT-1A receptors
11
Q
CCK can be used in
A
Bulimia
12
Q
CJD, amyloid plaque can be seen in which part of the brain
A
Cerebellum
13
Q
Adult pattern of sleep develop in a child in
A
3 months
14
Q
Wad is procyclidine
A
Anticholinergic drugs
15
Q
How to change from paroxetine to fluoxetine
A
Withdraw the first and start the second immediately after stoping it
16
Q
What study investigate whether familial data for a disorder or trait suggests any particular modes of inheritance.
A
Segregation study
17
Q
What is Benton test
A
used for individuals aged 8 onwards to measure visual perception and visual memory. It can also help evaluating possible learning disabilities. The subject is asked to draw from memory each one of the ten designs that are shown one at a time.
18
Q
Most common optic nerve palsy in alcoholic is….
A
6th cranial nerve
19
Q
Which of the following psychotropics has a tendency to reduce gastrointestinal transit with a resultant slow absorption when given orally?
A
Amitriptyline
20
Q
Pimozide cause wad special side effect
A
Ventricular problems, sudden cardiac death
21
Q
What can cause severe rebound
A
Clonidine
22
Q
Tom is a 10-year-old boy with Tourettes’ syndrome. He has had a medication for treating his condition, which has lead to significant weight gain. Choose the best alternative
A
Clonidine
23
Q
Risk of ADHD in first degree relative
Second
A
15-60% 2-6 risk
Second degree 3-9%
0.5-0.8 relative rick
24
Q
Specific phobia increase relative risk in ? Time
A
4
25
Wad chromosome has things to do with alcohol dependence
Chromosome 4 GABRA2
26
Unipolar depression proband
| % for offspring for unipolar and bipolar
Unipolar x 2 for offspring 16%
| Bipolar 4 fold 4%
27
Bipolar proband
| % for offspring for unipolar and bipolar
2-3 for unipolar (16%)
| Bipolar 8-9 fold (9%)
28
Which gene in Parkinson can cause early onset
PINK1
29
FTD is wad gene
Tau at chromosome 17
| Progranulin
30
What is the most common psychiatric disorder in children with mild learning disability?
Conduct disorder
31
When some one can copy a diamond
Year 6
32
When some one can copy a circle
2-3 years (30 months)
33
Hyperhomocysteinemia
| Increased risk in
Dementia
34
Nicotinic acide deficiency can see wad (name 4)
Glossitis, diarrhoea, insomnia, dermatitis, disturbed mental function
35
Ego Defence for phobia is
Displacement
36
The process which leads to the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory is calle
Consolidation
37
Linguistic relativity hypothesi is wad. And by whom
Worfian
places language as primary and thoughts as secondary.
38
peripheralism language is by who and wad is it
John Watson postulated that thinking occurs peripherally in the speech apparatus
39
Drepression on ego stuff
Regression
Introjection
40
Wad psychobiological model of personality includes four dimensions of temperament
Whichfour
Cloninger's
(1) Novelty-seeking (includes frustration avoidance, impulsive decision-making)
(2) Harm-avoidance (pessimistic worry about the future, passive avoidant behaviour, fear of uncertainty);
(3) Reward-dependence (sentimentality, social attachment, and dependence on praise and approval)
(4) Persistence (high perseverance and tolerance of frustration). The character dimensions are self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence.
41
Who coined the term neurasthenia
It is Stress of wad
Beard
| Urbanisation Lolz
42
Herpes encephalitis shows...
Presence of lymphocytic pleiocytosis with many red cells in the CSF, along with hyperintense appearance of left temporal lobe in T2 weighted MRI imaging and lateralised periodic discharges in EEG in a semi-conscious patient suggests
43
Huntington shows wad in MRI
Degeneration of striatum including caudate nucleus
44
Name symptoms of cannabis [
lethargy, apathy, loss of interest, anergia, reduced drive and lack of ambition, which is collectively known as the amotivational syndrome
45
Wad drugs can cause flashback phenomenon.
LSD
46
What is zar
where subjects present with an experience of spirit possession. Symptoms may include "dissociative episodes with laughing, shouting, hitting the head against a wall, singing, or weeping". Individuals may show withdrawal, refusing to eat or carry out daily tasks, or may develop a long-term relationship with the possessing spirit.
47
What is so special about adenbrook's test
score less than 82 has a high specificity for dementia Correct
48
Cataplexy is common in
Neuro stuff
49
What is bee or sign
Weakness of lower abdominal muscle
Spinal cord injury between T9 and T10
50
Paranoid delusions defence mechanism
projection
51
Foundation of school behaviourism de person is
John Watson
52
Who is the Father of Analytical psychology
Carl Gustav Jung
53
Who wrote a secure base
BOWbly
54
Multiple scelerosis sign in MRI
Hypointense lesion in corpus callosum
55
Damage of which lobe will cause nominal aphasia
Parietal
56
Api e4 is dysfunctional at which chromosome
19
57
Following a Robertsonian translocation in phenotypically normal individual which of the following types of chromosomes is produced?
How abt in downs
Metacentric
Arcocentric
58
patients with major depressive disorders indicate that an intrinsic regulatory defect involving
Hypothalamus
59
Microglia is wad in origin how abt the others
Microglia is mesodermal in origin
The rest are ectoderm
60
Benzodiazepine withdrawal is associated with:
Brain GABA function decreased
61
What drug are better to give pregnant ladies
Tricyclics and fluoxetine do not have a known teratogenic effect in humans.
62
chlorthalidone, indapamide, metolazone, xipamide) are
Thiazide diuretics
63
Datscan breakdown names are
Beta CIT and FP-CIT
64
WaD SPECT tracer used to assess brain metabolism regionall
99mTc-HMPAO
65
Wad is made in Adipose tissue
Leptin
66
Carbamazepine will increase or decrease clozapine'
How about fluvoxamine
Wad antibiotic affects it as well
Decrease
Fluvox increases
Ciprofloxacin increaes du
67
-Alpha wave is is maxiaml at ..
Occipital region
68
Vermis of cerebellar is supply by
posterior inferior cerebellar artery
69
Nausea and vomiting most associated drugs are
Aripiprazole
70
Wad can cause postural hypotension
Clozapine and risperidone
71
Constipation & Paralytic Ileu mainly associated with
Clozapine
72
Attachment become evident during
8 months
73
Vortioxetine works on
5HT3 antagonist
With 5HT 1D and 5HT 7 all antagonist
Agonist 5HT1A
Partial agonist 5ht1B
74
Mid life is a myth
| Coined by
Elliot Jacque
75
Hunter syndrome is a wad transmission
3 symptoms
3 facial stuff
X link recessive
Symptoms: ear infection, runny noses and abdominal hernia
Facial: coarse features flattened bridge of nose, enlarged tongue
76
What area of the brain is involved in depression
Anterior cingulate cortex
77
Risk of SIADH name 3
Female, Low BMI, old age, use of diuretics
78
Agranulocytosis risk involve
Increasing age, woman, ethnicity
Apparently Low baseline white cell count is associated with neutropenia and not agranulocytosis.
79
phrmacodynamic wad are the terms tat are associated with it
Agonism, receptor half-life, occupancy, dose-response relationship are pharmacodynamic concepts.
80
Moderate effects on qtC
Citalopram and quetiapine
81
No effect on QTC
Mirtazapine and aripiprazole
82
4 risk of child abuse
1) young age
2) history of parental substance abuse
3) persistent crying
4) younger age
83
Who propose cognitive emotional process
Alfred Adler
84
What is Barnum effect
psychological phenomenon whereby individuals will give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically to them but that are, in fact, vague and general enough to apply to a wide range of people.
85
According to community surveys, which of the following is the most common cause of hallucinations?
Sleep disorder
86
.Which of the following techniques is employed in the assessment of temporal course of improvement of symptoms in patients with both PTSD and substance misuse?
Name 4
Impact of event scale, Clinician Administered PTSD scale, Civilian Mississippi scale for PTSD and Time Line follow
87
Internal salience' is a concept in psychology relating to cognitive processe
Self-motivated desire for an object or action
88
PSeudocholinesterase deficiency is associated with increased sensitivity of wad chemicals
Donepezil
89
Social capital is
Individuals acting co-operatively in transactions
90
One Types of suicide as described by Durkheim
1) egoistic suicide- due to prolonged sense of not belonging , no friends
Mostly among unmarried people (men)
91
Cognitive dissonance is often see as
Holding mutually exclusive beliefs about an object or person.
92
Ecstasy
| How does it work
1) like LSD causes serotonin release
2) like amphetamines causes dopamine release
3) blocks 5HT, noradrenaline, dopamine reuptake
4) reduction in serotonin levels in days after use hence depressive
Low addiction profile
93
Wad stuff can pass through blood brain barrier
Small, lipophilic, unionised
Dopamine cuz they hav a special transmitter
94
Serotonin thought to be an important neurotransmitter in the aetiology and treatment of mental disorder. Which of the following enzymes are not involved in its metabolism?
MAO, Aldehyde dehydrogenase, DOPA decarboxylase, Tryptophan hydroxylase.
95
Half lifer of duloxetine
12 hours
96
For bipolar how many percentage of people will relapse within 2 years
50%
97
Clozapine should b avoide in prescribing
Carbamazepine and MAOI (can potentially increase CNS effects )
98
Weight gain in antipsychotics is more significant in
Children and adolescent
99
Which anxiety disorder can hav anticipation?>
OCD
100
Pharmacokinetic wad are the terms that can be sue
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Agonism, half-life, dose-response relationship and chelation are pharmacodynamic concepts.
101
What is construct validity
extent to which operationalization of a construct (e.g. practical tests developed from a theory) measures a construct as defined by a theory
102
Internal validity
is an inductive estimate of the degree to which conclusions about causal relationships can be made (e.g. cause and effect), based on the measures used, the research setting, and the whole research design.
103
5 therapeutic factors of group therapy
universality, altruism, instillation of hope, imparting information, corrective recapitulation of the primary family experience, development of socializing techniques, imitative behaviour, cohesiveness, existential factors, catharsis, interpersonal learning, self-understanding.
104
Caffeine usually Attack which receptors
Adenosine receptors
105
Which antiantileptic has problems with outbursts in children
Vigabatrin
106
CAMCOG is
The CAMCOG is the cognitive and self-contained part of the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX).
67 items
107
When kids understand joke
6-7 years old
108
When children start using 3-4 words Sentence
2-3 years
109
R.E.M. Sleep behaviour usually arise by when (which part of sleep)
Name 3 diseased tat it is associated with
middle to latter third of the night during REM sleep
LBD, PD, multiple system atrophy and GB
110
Diagnostic feature of Tourette's
Motor and 1 or more Vocal tics
Occur many times a day nearly every day more than 1 year (no tic free for more than 3 months)
Before age 18
If only ether one motor or vocal then is chronic motor or vocal tic disorder
111
Who describe disorganised schizophrenia / hebephrenic schizophrenia
HECKER
112
Stimulants can hav wad presentation
Many users experience insomnia and anorexia, and some may develop psychotic symptoms. Stimulants have peripheral cardiovascular activity, including increased blood pressure and heart rate.
113
In a malnourished patient with long standing alcohol use, which of the following complications could worsen on immediate refeeding with a glucose rich infusion?
Thiamine deficiency
114
Paraphrasing is
Using approximate language
115
FUndamental psychopathology in Caprags delusion is
Reduplicative paramnesia
| Misidentification phenomenon where simultaneous duplication of a place, a person, or even one's self
116
Name 5 neurotic Defence
Intellectualisation, repression, displacement, reaction formation, and dissociation are called neurotic defences.
117
two-factor theory of intelligence is wad and by whom
Spearman carried out a factor analysis of the result of children's performance on a number of tests and concluded that all tests measured both a common factor of general intelligence (g) and a specific factor (s). He believed that individual differences were due to differences
118
Social role valorisation is best described as
By who
Wolf Wolfensberger as the successor to the principle of normalization that deals with the enablement, establishment, enhancement, maintenance, and/or defense of valued social roles for people. SRV is primarily a response to the historically universal phenomenon of social devaluation and especially societal devaluation.
The correct answer is: Social acceptance of people with disabilities without devaluation
119
5 factors of causing language delays
- smoking in pregnancy
- consumption of alcohol in pregnancy
- behaviour problems in the child
- inadequate cognitive stimulation
- BIg family size
120
Wad are universal prevention
Universal prevention: directed to a general population group (poor ppl)
Indicated intervention: targets high risk individuals with minimal but detectable signs
Selective interventions: to individuals or subgroups whose risk of developing disorder is significantly higher than average
121
4 proposed endophenotypes in anorexia nervosa
Abnormal fear conditioning
Set shifting impairments
Weak central coherence
Reward sensitivity
122
Genome wide association studies in schizophrenia suggest an association with which of the following genetic polymorphisms
Zinc Finger 804A gene
123
Which of the following regions when surgically stimulated can alleviate pain
Periaqueductal grey
124
The sensory cortex is located in the
Posterior cortex
125
Nondeclarative memory
Striatum, cerebellum and neocortex with amygdala
126
Endoscope does
Transport of cellular substances
127
MAO-A metabolizes
Noradrenaline, 5-HT and tyramine
128
Which of the following enzymes in the monoamine synthetic pathway is largely restricted to adrenal medulla?
Phenylethanolamine-N- methyltransferase
129
administered morphine for analgesia, which of the following mechanism could explain the action?
Release of histamine
130
Synthesis and storage of noradrenaline can be prevented by which of the following
Reserpine prevents the synthesis and storage of norepinephrine in sympathetic nerve terminals
131
Impulsive aggression is related to a disruption in which of the following neurotransmitter systems
Serotonin
132
What has a higher likelihood of causing peripheral neuropathy than other antidepressants
Phenelzine
133
Which of the following is a well-documented teratogenic effect that occurs when using SSRIs in the second trimester of pregnancy?
Pulmonary hypertension - 3%
| Worse in paroxetine
134
What effect does carbamazepine have on cardiac function
reducing atrioventricular cardiac conduction
135
The site of action of thyroid hormones is at the level of;
Nucleus
136
Which of the following is the most important property of a depot antipsychotic medicatio
Presence of a carboxyl ester
137
Wad can u see for acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for dementia in ECG
P-R interval of 280ms
