Additonal Stuff Pt 3 Flashcards
(137 cards)
1
Q
Wad is the metabolite of
1) risperidone
2) Imipramine
A
1) Paliperidone
2) Desmipramine
2
Q
Buspirone belongs to the chemical class
How about flupenthixol
How any thioridazine
4) bupropion?
A
Azasipirones
Thioxanthene
3) piperdine derivatives
4) aminoketone
3
Q
Wad are the secondary amine for tricyclics
Name 3
A
Nortriplyine , Amoxapine, desmiprasine
4
Q
Major transquilisters are known to be wadtype
A
Antipsychotics
5
Q
Who use valproate in Mania
A
Bowden (1994)
6
Q
Who is Janssen
A
Create haloperidol and dropidol
7
Q
What is minacipran
A
SNRI
8
Q
Zimeldine was wad and why it was withdrawn
A
The first SSRI
Withdrawn due to hypersensitivity syndrome and demyelination get disease
9
Q
Rivatigmine is a wad type of drug
A
Reversible non competitive inhibitor of AchEs
Non Selective oso
10
Q
Name two reversible MAOI
A
Moclobemide and brofaromine
11
Q
What drug would best be used to trade mixed affective states?
A
Sodium valproate
12
Q
Acamprosate is a wad
A
Synthetic taurine analogue
Act centrally glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter system .
13
Q
First antidepressant is
A
Iproniazid
A MAO inhibitor
14
Q
Wad does Kuhn does
A
Create imipramine
15
Q
OCC can be affected by wad drugs name 4
A
Carbamazepine, St. John , topimarate, phenytoin, phenobarbitone
VALPROATE DOES NOT affect it
16
Q
What is affected in old ppl and How
Name 4
A
1) total body fat increase
2) gastric pH increase, acidity drops
3) reduced renal clearance
4) decrease in plasma protein binding
5) decreased number of acetylene choline postsynaptic receptors
17
Q
Comment on tricyclic’s
1) lipid solubility
2) protein binding
A
1) good, can pass easily
2) very binding
18
Q
Half life of quietiapine?
A
6 hours
19
Q
Fluoxetine drug effect
Can be seen for wad and wad does it do
1) propranolol
2) haloperidol
3) carbamazepine
4) oral anticoagulant
5) phenytoin
A
1) enchance
2) increases
3) increases
4) enchance
5) increases
20
Q
Half life of nitrazepam
A
15-38 hours
21
Q
Smoking is an enzyme inducer of inhibitor
How abt caffeine
A
Smoking : inducer
Caffeine: inhibitor
22
Q
What kind of drugs follow zero order kinetics
A
1) depot antipsychotics
2) control realise drug
3) phenytoin
4) alcohol
23
Q
Wad drug will be affected by moist air
A
Sodium valproate
24
Q
Which SSRI shows the most autoinhibition
A
Paroxetine
25
Valproate can affect which drug
How carbameziene affect valproate
It can increase lamotrigibe, clomipramine, phenobarbitone by competitive inhibition of their metabolism
It is decreased by carbamazepine
26
Donepezil has efficacy in what domain
efficacy against the three major domains of Alzheimer's disease symptoms, namely functional ability, behavior, and cognition.
27
What drugs are associated with bruxism
Stimulants
28
Wad drug is good to be added with MAOI
Amitriptyline, as it potentiates action of TCA
29
Wad antidementia drug acts on nicotinine receptors as well
Galatamine
30
Acamprosate is a wad
Glutamate antagonism
31
Sodium valproate does
GABA potentiation 5
32
What is the most sedative for TCA
Trimipramine
33
Endogenous substrate for MAO included
epinephrine, dopamine and serotonin
34
Chronic use of antidepressant can show
Downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors
35
Which antipsychotics are better in reducing epse
Quetiapine
36
Barbiturates mechanism of actions
Increasing duration of chloride channel opening
| Act on GABA
37
Clozapine hypersalivation is due to
How to treat (4)
Alpha 2 antagonism,
M4 agonism
```
Amitriptyline
Hyoscine
Benzhexol
Pirenzepine (M1,M4 antagonist)
Terazoxin
```
38
Trazodone is wad class
SARI
Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor
39
Which TCA has a stimulant effect
Desmiprasine
40
Cyproheptadine is mechanism of action
Histamine h1 receptor blockage
41
Tyramine inters persona-tic neuron via what and release stored catecholamine via wad
Amine uptake pumps
Via Catecholamines reuptake channels
42
Which EPSE reacts best with anticholinergic
Dystonia
43
Drugs that are useful in tardive dyskinesia
Clonazepam, vitamins e, licensed is tetrabenazine (also can treat HD/tics, hemiballismus)
44
Which benzodiazepine is most toxic?
Alprazolam
45
3 mechanism of weight gain due to drugs
5ht2c antagonism
H1 antagonism
Hyperprolactinemia
Increased serum leptin
46
Risk of NMS
0.5 -1%
47
Wad atypical can increase prolactin
| Name 3
Risperidone, Amisulpride and Zotepine
48
Tca potentiates 4 types of drug
alcohol, hypnotics, anxiolytics and antipsychotics n anticoagulant
49
Name 4 tat causes high effect on QTC
sertindole, thioridazine, pimozide and droperidol
50
Rare side effect of MAOI name 4
hepatocellular jaundice, Peripheral neuropathy, bone marrow suppression, and cardiac arrhythmia
51
Which SSRI has more problems of erectile dysfunction
Which has least
Paroxetine
Fluvoxamine
52
Which antidepressant can hav urinary hesitancy and how to treat
Reboxetine
Can use alpha 1 antagonist such as doxazosin or Tamsulosin
53
Wad antibiotic will cause serotonin syndrome if add with MAOI
Linezoid a oxazolidone family
54
Percentage of patient developing
1) tardive dyskinesia
2) Dystonia
3) Pseudoparkinsonism
4) akathesia
1) 2-5%
2) 2-10%
3) 20%
4) 25%
55
What can be used for self injurious behaviour of ID peeps
Naltrexone
56
Give three medication that can be sued to treat NMS
Bromocriptine, Dantrolene, amantadine
57
Who belongs to the seven transmembrane receptor
Dopamine
58
Mirtazapine mechanism
5HT2A antagonism
Alpha 2 antagonism
Antihistamine
Anti 5HT3
59
Agomelatine mechanism
Norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmission through 5-HT2C antagonism
Direct agonist at melatonin receptors
60
How SSRI can cause tolerance to hallucinogic drug
Down regulation of 5HT 2A
61
Lower incidence of EPSEs of newer atypical antipsychotics is due to
5-HT2 receptor blockage
62
Who create the first benzodiazepine
What is it
chlordiazepoxide
Hugo sternbach
63
Lithium cannot be combine with which TCA because
Clomipramine
| Serotonin syndrome
64
Wad can cause atropine psychosis
Amitriptyline
65
Serotonin syndrome is due to hyperstimulation of wad
5HT 1A/5HT 2A
66
Most common side effect of
1) amisulpride and clozapine
2) imipramine and chlorpromazine
1) hypersalivation
| 2) dry cough
67
Which antidementia drugs are non selective
Rivastigmine
68
Special side effect of topimarate
Word finding difficulty
Wight loss
Renal stone
69
Special side effect of galatamine
Bradycardia
70
Phencyclidine mechanism
Ketamine mechanism
Phencyclidine: competitive
Ketamine
Non competitive NMDA receptor s
71
Tell me three types if phenothiazine
1) aliphatic: chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, promazine
Piperidine: thioridazine
Piperazine: trifluoperazine, perphenazine, fluphenazine
72
Sinadefil made by
Osterloh
73
Who made carbamazepine
Takezaki and Hanoka with okuma
| To treat mania
74
How does sodium valproate react
Enhances GABAergic function and inhibits GABA aminotransferase, increase GABA binding
75
Lamotrigine
Neuronal membrane stabiliser and blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels hence reducing release of excitatory amino acid
76
Topimarate how does it function
enhances GABA and blocks glutamate at NMDA receptors
77
What is the first depot injection and is introduced byyyyyy
Fluphenazine
By G.R. Daniels
78
Irreversible retinal pigmentation is associated with
use of high dose thioridazine (above 1000 mg a day)
79
Which SSRI has weakly blocking reuptake of dopamine
Which SSRI stimulate 5-HT2C receptors
1) setraline so good for psychomotor reduction
| 2) Fluoxetine-hence does not cause weight gain
80
Which antidepressant has a safe cardiovascular profile
Ribose Tien
81
Wad ssri can have potent effect ion the pain receptors (which site)
How abt zopidem
Or zopiclone
Zaleplon
Fluvoxamine on sigma
Both z affect omega receptor-1 in GABA
All omega receptors in GABA
82
Why these drugs are withdrawn
1) sertindole
2) mianserin'
3) Thalidomide
4) Zimeldine
1) sudden cardiac death
2) blood dyscrasias
3) teratogenic effect of phocomelia
4) GB and hypersensitive reaction
83
Lithium might made wad cardiac issue even worse
Brugada
| RBBB and ST elevation in right precordial leads
84
Wad blood stuff can sodium valproate do
Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, red cell hypoplasia
85
Which antidepressent can cause dependence
Tranylcypromine cuz it has an amphetamine like structure
86
Antidepressant related QTC prolongation is
Trazodone
87
Which TCA has the least effect in cardiac arrhythmia
Lofepramide
88
Which antidementia drug has no hepatic involvement
Rivastigmine
89
Phenelzine has been shown to be superior to placebo in the treatment of
Social phobia
90
Which of the following medications used to treat depression can directly influence gene transcription via nuclear receptors
Tri-iodothyronine
91
GABApentin binds to
: Voltage-dependent calcium channel
92
Lithium tremors can be helped by
Smaller, more frequent dose, or/and propranolol
93
ST johns wort might do what two these two things
1) contraceptive pills
2) warfarin
1) decrease
| 2) inhibit
94
Which hypnotic has a unique side effect of metallic taste in the mouth
Zopiclone
95
disturbance in cerebral torque is proposed as the underlying pathological change in
Psychosis
96
Wad protein is involved in Motor neuron disease
Superoxide dismutase
97
Mifepristone is wad
glucocorticoid receptor antagonis
| Can help in depression
98
Wad is the male to female ratio for FTD and how many % it is associated with MND
1:1
15%
99
ECG in Huntington can be
% will have abnormal ECG
Conduction abnormalities and bradycardia, QTC elevation
25%
100
Elfin facial feature is wad syndrome
Other symptoms include
Williams syndrome hoarse voice, premature wrinkling and sagging of the skin, LD, hypercalcemia, supravalvular aortic stenosis
101
Wad disease is due to lack of sphingomyelinase?
Niemann Pick disease
sphingomyeline accumulate in liver, spleen, lungs, bone marrow and brain leading to neurological damage
Two types type 1 in infants, type b before teenager
102
Melatonin is secreted in
Pineal gland
103
Normal ration of CSF and serum glucose is
It is decreased due to
0.6 (CSF has 60%) seen in blood
Bacterial meningitis
104
Contraindication of disease in MAOI include
Phaeochromocytoma
Adrenal medulla tumors
105
Sigma receptors are associated with
Wad drugs might affect it (4)
Depression
Haloperidol, setraline, fluvoxamine, cocain, phenytoin
106
Methadone can cause wad cardiac problems
QTC prolongation, torsades de -pointes
107
Cleft palate is indicated in wad three drugs
Diazepam, lamotrigine, sodium valproate , and ?SSRI
108
Having clozapine will hav a cumulative risk of developing seizure by how much
10%
109
Atypical depression can usually use wad to treat
MAOI
110
Which 3 are potent inhibitors of CYP2D6
Parole Tien, fluoxetine and duloxetine
111
Wad antibiotic will cause an reaction with alcohol
Metronidazole
112
Acetylation
how many percent will b from Caucasian tat is slow
Wad drugs will be affected in slow acetylations
50%
IsonAzid, procainamide, nitrazepam
113
D2 are excitatory/inhibitory
| Pre+post or just post
Inhibitory, pro+postsynaptic
114
Which serotonin receptor has auto-regulatory function in synaptosomes (5-HT terminals)
5-HT1B
115
What you can see in EEG in R.E.M.
Saw tooth
116
Wad u can see in EEG for delirium tremens
Low voltage fast wave
117
What drugs should be avoided in Organic disinhibition
Should use wad
Benzodiazepine
Can use SSRI and trazodone
118
What is the highest risk if developing NMS
Sudden withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medication
119
What should be monitor when starting agomelatonin.
Liver function test
120
Wad drugs should be given to SSRI induced hyponatremia
following treatment with antidepressants such as Fluoxetine. For those who develop hyponatraemia with an SSRI, consider Noradrenergic drugs such as Nortriptyline and Lofepramine, riboxetine or an MAOI such as Moclobemide
121
NMS is usually due to
Young male, use high potensive drugs, use high potency drugs, dopaminergic drugs on withdrawal
122
How do change TCA to most SSRI
Half TCA, add new drug then slow withdrawal
123
What will happen with pregnancy in terms of pharmacokinetic changes
```
Reduce gastric emptying
Reduce motility
Reduce plasma protein binding
Some drugs have higher metabolism due to oestrogen and progesterone
Increase renal elimination
Increase volume of distribution
```
124
Which antidepressant has a Low predicate for a manic switch
Bupropion
125
What to give if someone js hypertensive crisis due to MAOI
name two
Phentolamine
| Phenoxybenzamine
126
Common side effect of rivastigmine
| Name 5
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, high blood pressure, hallucination
127
Tricyclics that has the highest antihistamine is
Which tricyclics is the most toxic in overdose
Doxepine
Dosulepin and amitriptyline
128
Botox can be use to treat
Tardive dystonia
129
What can cause floppy baby syndrome
Benzodiazepine
| Also can cause cleft palate
130
Difference between NMS and SEROTONIN syndrome
SS has myoclonus and hyperreflexia
131
Which ssri is good for cardiac ppl
Which ssri can be found in milk
Which ssri can cause virginismasmus
Setraline
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
132
Toxic confusional stage in antipsychotic is likely due to
Muscarinic receptor blockage
133
Cholesterol check for antipsychotics every how many months on the first year
3 months
134
Wad drugs can cause ovarian cyst
Sodium valproate
135
What are the risk of tetratrogic for sodium valproate
And birth defect in general
Neural tube defect (1-2%)
Spina Bifida(10 fold increase), anencephaly , heart defect
Birth defect in general for valproate is 7 %
136
Normal range for phenytoin
10-20
137
What does ramelton do
How does atomoxetine works
Ramelton: MT1/MT2 receptor agonist promoted as hypnotic
Atomoxetine is a presynaptic norepinephrine inhibitor
