Lec 16 Contraception

Question 1

When does implantation occur?

Answer 1

3 days after embryo formation

Question 2

What is rate of pregnancy in 1 year with no contraception?

Answer 2

85%

Question 3

What are 4 barrier methods?

Answer 3

• condoms
• diaphragm
• cervical cap
• contraceptive sponge

Question 4

How does hormonal contraception work?

Answer 4

suppress HPO axis by high levels of exogenous estrogen and progestin thus prevent follicle formation and ovulation

Question 5

What are the disadvantages of hormonal contraception?

Answer 5

• daily administration
• don’t protect against STD
• can’t be used with women who have increased risk of clotting
• side effects of estrogen/progestin

Question 6

What is the paragard IUD?

Answer 6

secretes copper –> causes increase in uterine and tubal fluids containing copper ions, enzymes, prostaglandins, and WBCs that impair sperm function
lasts 10 years

Question 7

What is the mirena IUD?

Answer 7

IUD that secretes levonorgesterl [progestin]
thickens cervical mucus, thins endometrial lining, spermicidal effects, and ovulation
lasts 5 years

Question 8

What is plan B?

Answer 8

emergency contraception

lowers chance of pregnancy by 85% if used within 5 days after event

Question 9

What is the most serious adverse effect of oral contraception?

Answer 9

increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 10

What are failure rates of the pill?

Answer 10

0-1%; usually due to avoidable factors