Lec 17: TECHNIQUE AND PROCESSING ERRORS

Question 1

FILM PLACEMENT PROBLEMS

Answer 1

→ absence of apical structures
→ dropped film corner

Question 2

incorrect vertical angulation

Answer 2

o foreshortened image
o elongated image

Question 3

PROCESSING ERRORS

Answer 3

TIME AND TEMPERATURE ERRORS

CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION ERRORS

Question 4

TIME AND TEMPERATURE ERRORS

CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION ERRORS

Answer 4

TIME AND TEMPERATURE ERRORS

→ underdeveloped film
→ overdeveloped film
→ cracked film CHEMICAL

CONTAMINATION ERRORS

→ developer spot
→ fixer spot
→ yellow-brown stains

Question 5

FILM HANDLING PROBLEMS

Answer 5

→ developer cut
→ fixer cut
→ overlapped films
→ air bubbles
→ fingernail artifact
→ static electricity
→ scratched film

Question 6

unexposed film exposed to light

Answer 6

Blank Film

Question 7

film exposed to light prolonged exposure time

Answer 7

Dark Film

Question 8

underexposed film

Answer 8

Light Film

Question 9

Absence of apical or crown structures

Answer 9

film positioned too high or too low occlusally

Question 10

film not placed parallel to occlusal corners

Answer 10

Dropped film corner

Question 11

wrong location of identification dot

Answer 11

Inverted film

Question 12

incorrect horizontal angulation

Answer 12

Overlapping of contact areas

Question 13

PID alignment problem

Answer 13

Cone cut

Question 14

film sharply bent

Answer 14

Film crease

Question 15

finger is included in radiograph

Answer 15

Phalangioma

Question 16

tire track or herringbone appearance

Answer 16

Reversed film

Question 17

sudden temperature change between developer solution and water bath

Answer 17

Cracked film (reticulation)

Question 18

developer solution comes in contact with film before processing

Answer 18

Developer spots (dark)

Question 19

fixer solution comes in contact with film before processing

Answer 19

Fixer spots/stains (white)

Question 20

insufficient rinsing/exhausted solution

Answer 20

Yellow-brown stains

Question 21

Fixer cut (black line)

Answer 21

underfixed portion

Question 22

Developer cut (straight white line)

Answer 22

underdeveloped portion

Question 23

two films contacting each other during processing

Answer 23

Overlapped film

Question 24

air trapped on film surface after being placed in the processing solutions

Answer 24

Air bubbles

Question 25

film emulsion damaged by the operator’s fingernail during rough handling

Answer 25

Fingernail artifact (black-crescent shape)

Question 26

film touched by fingers that are contaminated with fluoride or developer

Answer 26

Fingerprint artifact

Question 27

film packet is opened quickly opened before the radiographer touches a conductive objected

Answer 27

Static electricity marks

Question 28

soft emulsion removed from the film by a sharp object

Answer 28

Film scratches

Question 29

accidental exposure of film to white light

Answer 29

Part of film exposed to light

Question 30

improper safelighting light leaks in darkroom outdated films improper film storage contaminated solutions developer solution too hot

Answer 30

Fogged film (blurred)

Question 31

correct identification of landmarks is necessary to differentiate presence of ___

Answer 31

pathologies