Lec 4 A Enzyme Properties And Their Imp Flashcards
What are enzymes
Enzymes are protein catalysts for chemical reaction in biological systems. They increase the rate
of chemical reactions taking place within living cells without being changed or consumed
Why are enzymes imp in the human body
.help reactions take place faster
.inc rate of reaction without changing reaction itself by lowering high energy barrier
.unwanted reactions wont occur spontaneously due to high energy barrier
What is the Nature of these “Enzymes”?
.simple and holo enzymes
Describe the diff between simple and holo enzymes
Simple enzymes are made of only protien while holo enzymes are made of protien part and non protein part
What is the protien and non protein of holo enzyme called
Prt part=apoenzyme
Non prt part=if organic co enzyme and if in organic co factor
Whats a prosthetic group
If non protein part is bound very tightly in holo enzyme
What are isoenzymes
These are enzymes having similar catalytic activity, act on the same substrate and produce the same product but originated at different site and exhibiting different physical and chemical characteristics
Give an example for an isoenzyme
Example: LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase) exists in five different forms each having four polypeptide chains. H= Heart and M=Muscle.
LDH-1 H H H H LDH-2 H H H M LDH-3 H H M M LDH-4 H M M M LDH-5 M M M M
Whats the rate limiting step
The rate limiting step in any reaction is its slowest step. It sets the pace for the entire reaction. It usually occurs early in the pathway
What are the main properties of an enzyme
.Active site .effciency .specificity .regulation .location within the cell
How does an enzyme bind to its substrate
Interaction of substrate with enzyme induces a conformational change in the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a stronger binding site and the repositioning of the appropriate amino acids to form the active site
How fast do enzymes break down substrate
10 to power 3 to 10 to power 8
How much product is made from enzyme
100 to 1000 substrate mol transformed per second
How are enzymes specific
Absloute: when the enzyme has only 1 substrate
Bond: Enzymes that are specific for a bond or linkage
