Lecture 1

Question 1

What is Speech Science?

Answer 1

Study of :

anattomy and physiology of speech production

processes by which speech is perceived

Question 2

What will we study about the respiratory system?

Answer 2

students demonstrate the ability to apply basic anatomical and physiological concepts relating to

Question 3

What do we study about the phonatory system

Answer 3

demonstrate the ability to apply basic anatomical and physiological concepts relating it and to normal aspects of phonation adn speech

Question 4

What will we study about the articulatory system?

Answer 4

The sudent will demonstrate teh ability to apply basica natomical and physiological concepts relating to the articulatory system to normal aspects of speech

Question 5

According to Boyle’s Law what kind of pressure is ther when the lungs expand?

Answer 5

it creates a negative pressure in the lungs

Question 6

What happens during inhalation?

Answer 6

air flows into the lungs equalizing pressure

Question 7

According to Boyle’s law what happens when there is exhalation?

Answer 7

the collapse of the lungs creates a positive pressure

Question 8

What is the skeletal structure of teh respiratory system?

Answer 8

Vertebral Column

Pectoral Girdle

Sternum

Ribs

Pelvic Girdle

Question 9

What are teh parts of the Pectoral Girdle?

Answer 9

scapulae

clavicle

Question 10

What are the parts of the ribs?

Answer 10

they join to the vertebral column at the back

upper ribs join sternum at fron via cartilage

lower (floating) ribs connect to vertebrae only

Question 11

What are the parts of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 11

Illium

Ischium

Pubis

Question 12

What connects the lungs to the rib cage and diaphragm?

Answer 12

The pleural linkage

Question 13

What muscles are:

important in elevating/ moving the lungs?

the most superficial muscle?

run downward toward the sternum?

Question 14

What muscles when contracted aids in inhalation?

Answer 14

external intercostal muscles

Question 15

What muscle is needed for inhalation?

Answer 15

external intercostal muscles

Question 16

What muscles

run downward away from the sternum?

connect both osseous and cartilaginous portions of ribs

Answer 16

internal intercostal muscles

Question 17

What do the interosseus portions of the internal intercostal muscles do?

Answer 17

lower and compress rib case

Exhalation

Question 18

What do the interosseus portion sof the internal intercostal muscles do?

Answer 18

exhalation

Question 19

What do the interchodral portions of the internal intercostal muscels do?

Answer 19

raise and expand the rib cage

ihalation

Question 20

What do the interchondral portions of the internal intercostal muscles do?

Answer 20

inhalation

Question 21

What part of the barin sends commands to the inspiratory muscles for quiet breathing?

Answer 21

the medulla

Question 22

What happens when the diaphragm contracts?

Answer 22

the thoracic cavity exapnds vertically downward

Question 23

What is the percentage of breath needed for inspiration of speech breathing?

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

What percentage of speech breathing is needed for expiration?

Answer 24

90%

Question 25

What are the accesory muscles of inspiration?

Answer 25

Serratus posterior superior levator costarum longus levator costarum brevis serratus posterior inferior quadtratus lumborum

Question 26

What are the percentages of inspiration and expiration needed for quiet breathing?

Answer 26

40% inhalation 60% expiration

Question 27

What are the abdominal muscles of expiration?

Answer 27

transverse abdominis internal oblique abdominis external abdominal oblique rectus abdominis

Question 28

What do the muscles of expiration do?

Answer 28

work to compress abdominal viscera

Question 29

What is tidal volume?

Answer 29

the amount of air exchanged (in and out) during a cycle of quiet breathing

Question 30

What is vital capacity?

Answer 30

the amount of air exchanged in maximum inspiration and maximun expiration

Question 31

What is risidual volume?

Answer 31

the amount of air left in the lungs after teh maximum possible exhalation. \*\* because of pleural linkage there will always be some air left in the lungs\*\*

Question 32

What is the total lung volume?

Answer 32

vital capacity + residual volume

Question 33

What is the resting lung volume?

Answer 33

percent of vital capacity at which the forces of lung collapse are equaled by the forces of chest wall expansion occuring at ~38-40% of VC (vital capacity)

Question 34

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 34

the amount of air that can be inhaled from RLV

Question 35

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 35

amount of air that can be exhaled from RLV

Question 36

What is the formula for vital capacity?

Answer 36

IRV + ERV

Question 37

At what lung volumes does the chest wall want to passively collapse at?

Answer 37

55% VC and greater

Question 38

At what lung volumes does the chest wall want to passively expand at?

Answer 38

55% VC and less

Question 39

At what percentages VC does the respiratory system balance at? Why does this happen?

Answer 39

38-40% VC Because at this level the forces of lung collapse and the forces of chest wall expansion equal each other

Question 40

What happens when there is increased subglottal pressure?

Answer 40

there is an increase in intensity

Question 41

What muscles help to raise the Ps (subglottal pressure)?

Answer 41

internal intercostal muscles

Question 42

With greater what? Comes greater intensity?

Answer 42

subglottal pressure