Lecture 1 (Unit 1 and 4)

Question 1

what is Anatomy

Answer 1

The form and structure of an organ (Ex cells layers)

Question 2

What is Physiology

Answer 2

the function of a system (ex. how muscles function)

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

The sum of chemical reactions that occur in the body

Question 4

anabolism

Answer 4

small molecules are joined to form larger molecules

Question 5

Catabolism

Answer 5

large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules

Question 6

tissues

Answer 6

groups of similar cells with similar functions

Question 7

Epithiel tissue

Answer 7

covers exposed skin and lines the cavities

Question 8

Connective tissue

Answer 8

connects, supports, binds structures and organs

Question 9

Muscle tissue

Answer 9

Produces movement

Question 10

Nerve tissue

Answer 10

Conducts nerve impulses for communication

Question 11

Organs

Answer 11

a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a function

Question 12

Organ system

Answer 12

multiple relative organs that work together to coordinate activities and functions (ex digestive system)

Question 13

Organism

Answer 13

something that has many related parts that function together as a whole

Question 14

Anatomical position

Answer 14

a supine position upward with feet parallel flat on the floor, upper limbs at the side of the body, palms anterior facing the front, eyes forward

Question 15

superior

Answer 15

closer to the head (ex the shoulders are superior to your knees)

Question 16

Inferior

Answer 16

closer to the feet (ex your knees are inferior to your shoulders)

Question 17

Anterior

Answer 17

Closer to the front of the body (ex your heart is anterior to your spine)

Question 18

Posterior

Answer 18

Closer to the back (ex your spine is posterior to your heart)

Question 19

Medial

Answer 19

Toward the midline (ex lungs are medial to the shoulder)

Question 20

Lateral

Answer 20

Away from the midline (ex the shoulders are lateral to the lungs)

Question 21

Proximal

Answer 21

Closer to the point of attachment (Ex The elbow is proximal to the hand)

Question 22

Distal

Answer 22

Farther from the point of attachment (The wrist is distal to the elbow)

Question 23

Superficial

Answer 23

Closer to the outside (The skin is superficial to muscles)

Question 24

Deep

Answer 24

closer to the inside (Muscles are deep to the skin)

Question 25

Midsagittal

Answer 25

Cuts the body into equal left and right halves

Question 26

Sagital or Parasaggital

Answer 26

Cutting the body into left and right halves that aren't equal

Question 27

Transverse (Cross-Sectional)

Answer 27

divides body horizontally into top and bottom

Question 28

Coronal (frontal)

Answer 28

Divides body from front to back (anterior to posterior)

Question 29

Oblique

Answer 29

passes through the body at an angle

Question 30

Posterior (dorsal) cavity

Answer 30

contains cavities that are completely encased in bone

Question 31

Cranial cavity

Answer 31

formed by bone cranium contains the brain

Question 32

Vertebral cavity

Answer 32

formed by bones of vertebral column contains the spine

Question 33

Ventral cavity

Answer 33

larger anteriorly placed cavity that are not completely encased in bone

Question 34

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 34

contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea and the blood vessels that connect to the heart (it is the chest)

Question 35

Mediastinal

Answer 35

median space between lunges

Question 36

Pericardial

Answer 36

the heart is enclosed in this 2 layered membrane

Question 37

Pleural

Answer 37

lungs are associated with this 2 layered membrane

Question 38

Abdominopelvic

Answer 38

abdominal cavity, superior to the pelvic brim if the hip bone

Question 39

Right and Left Hypochondriac

Answer 39

Lateral to Epigastric region

Question 40

Epigastric Region

Answer 40

Above the belly

Question 41

Umbilical region

Answer 41

the belly

Question 42

lumbar region

Answer 42

Lateral to the umbilical region

Question 43

hypogastric region

Answer 43

under the belly

Question 44

Right and left iliac

Answer 44

lateral to hypogastric region

Question 45

Homeostasis

Answer 45

the ability an organism has to have internal steady state when the environment is changing

Question 46

Negative feedback

Answer 46

When

Question 47

Negative Feedback

Answer 47

this will cause it to work in the opposite direction of the stimulus. Variable maintained at a normal level called set point.

Question 48

Positive Feedback

Answer 48

This stimulus is reinforced to continue the same direction until a climatic event occurs (ex Breastfeeding) after an event occurs it returns back to homeostasis.

Question 49

Cytoplasm

Answer 49

The gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell

Question 50

Cytoskeleton

Answer 50

framework of diverse proteins that extend beneath the plasma membrane and through inferior of the cell

Question 51

Cilia

Answer 51

Short hair like projections from cells surface. Contains Microtubule proteins.

Question 52

Flagella

Answer 52

Helps propel and entire cell

Question 53

Ribosomes

Answer 53

Robsomes function is protein synthesis. Each consists of Both a large and small subunit with each subunit composed of protein and RNA.

Question 54

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 54

Readily distinguishes from the even surfaced interconnected tubules of the smooth ER which lacks associates ribosome. This is an unconnected membrane that varies in shape. Rough Er and Smooth Er produce protein and transport to Golgo Complex

Question 55

Golgi Complex

Answer 55

Packs to transport Proteins. Has 2 poles cis-face and Trans-face

Question 56

Lysosomes

Answer 56

breaks down molecules within vesicles that enter cells by endocytosis. Removes damaged cells and cellular components and breaks down cellular components following cellular death

Question 57

Peroxisomes

Answer 57

Detoxifies toxic subs and forms specific types of lipid

Question 58

Mitochondria

Answer 58

Power house of the cell. Generates ATP.