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Microbio > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Produce fatty acids that are fungistatic, inhibit growth of fungi

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2
Q

Normal microbiota of the skin

A

Gram +, salt tolerant bacteria
Staphylococci
Micrococci
Diphtheriods

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3
Q

Exanthem

A

Skin rash arising from another focus infection

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4
Q

Enanthem

A

Mucous membrane rash arising from another focus infection

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5
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid or puss filled growth in the epidermis that is < 1 cm in diameter

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6
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid or puss filled growth in the epidermis that is > 1 cm in diameter

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7
Q

Macule

A

Growth in the epidermis not filled with fluid or puss that is < 1 cm

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8
Q

Pustule (Papule)

A

Growth in the DERMIS that is < 1 cm (pustule = pus filled , papule = fluid filled)

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9
Q

Staphylococcal Skin Infection

A

Staphylococcus Epidermidis
- Gram + cocci, coagulase neg
Staphylococcus aureus
-Gram + cocci, coagulase +
-Leukocidin
-Exfoliative toxin

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10
Q

Folliculitis

A

Infections of hair follicles . We don’t have as much hair but we produce the same amount of sebum as hairier organisms

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11
Q

Sty

A

Folliculitis of an eyelash

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12
Q

Furuncle

A

Abscess, pus surrounded by inflamed tissue

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13
Q

Carbuncle

A

Inflammation of tissue under the skin

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14
Q

Impetigo of the newborn

A

Staphylococcal infection of the new born
Toxemia can lead to Scalded Skin syndrome, huge immune response that ends up attacking the skin

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15
Q

Streptococcal Skin Infections

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
M Proteins

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16
Q

Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections (Flesh eating bacteria)

A

Streptokinases
Hyaluronidase
Exotoxin A, superantigen
Cellulitis
Necrotizing fasciitis

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17
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gram - , aerobic rod
Phyocyanin produces a blue-green pus
Happens in some burn victims

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18
Q

Pseudomonas dermatitis

A

indicator of if a child has bathed

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19
Q

Comedonal acne

A

Occurs when sebum channels are blocked with shed cells (forms white heads)

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20
Q

Inflammatory acne

A

Propionibacterium acnes
Gram + , anaerobic rod
Tx: preventing sebum formation (isotretinoin)
Antibiotics
Benzoyl peroxide to loosen clogged follicles
Visible blue light ( kills P. Acnes)

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21
Q

Nodular Cystic Acne

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A

Can happen in the elderly
Tx: isotretinoin

22
Q

Warts

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A

Caused by Papillomavirus
Tx: removal
Imiquimod (stimulates interferon production)

23
Q

Smallpox (variola)

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A

Caused by Smallpox virus (orthopox virus)
Variola major has 20% mortality
Variola minor has <1% mortality

24
Q

Monkeypox

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A

Variant of smallpox
Prevention by smallpox vaccination

25
Herpesviruses
HSV 1 , affects perioral region / mouth HSV 2 , affects genitals HSV 3 , chicken pox Varicella-zoster virus (HHV) , transmitted by the respiratory route Causes pus-filled vesicles (exanthem)
26
Shingles
Reactivation of latent HHV-3 releases viruses that move along peripheral nerves to the skin (ring of fire around abdomen)
27
HSV 1 and HSV 2 (or HHV 1 and HHV 2)
Herpes encephalitis has a 70% mortality rate! HSV 2 in the genital region , comes in contact with the oral region (oral sex) and it MAY travel to the trigeminal nerve and travel to the brain Acyclovir (valtrax) may lessen symptoms
28
Measles (Rubeola)
Measles virus Trasmitted by respiratory route Macular rash and Koplik’s spots Prevented by vaccination Encephalitis in 1 in 1000 cases
29
Rubella (German measles)
Rubella virus Macular rash and fever Congenital rubella syndrome causes severe fetal damage Prevented by vaccination
30
Fifth Disease
Human parvovirus B19 produces mild flu-like symptoms and facial rash
31
Roseola
HSV 6 causes a high fever and rash, lasting for 1-2 days
32
Cutaneous Mycoses
Dermatomycoses: Tineas or ringworm , a fungal infection
33
Tinea Capitis
Dermatomycoses of the scalp
34
Tinea Corporis
Dermatomycoses of the torso, commonly referred to as ringworm
35
Tinea Baberi
Dermatomycoses of the beard region, picked up at barber shop
36
Tinea Cruris
Groin fungus , “jock itch”
37
Tinea pedis
Foot fungus, “athletes foot”
38
Tinea unguium
Fungus of the nail , transmitted through nail salons
39
Tinea versicolor
Most common Tinea today Grows in the epidermis No visible sign until the skin is tanned , will cause uneven tanning
40
Trichophyton fungus
Infects hair, skin, nails
41
Epidermophyton fungus
Infects skin and nails
42
Microsporum
Infects hair and skin
43
Candidiasis
Candida albicans (yeast) May result from suppression of competing bacteria by antibiotics Occurs in the skin and mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract and mouth Thrush is an infection of mucous membranes of the mouth Topical tx with miconazole or nystatin
44
Scabies
Sarcoptes scabiei are arachnids (insects) , burrow into the skin to lay eggs Tx with topical insecticides Associated with poor hygiene
45
Pediculosis
Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) Pediculus humanus corporis (body lice) -Feed on blood -Lay eggs (nits) on hair -Treatment with topical insecticides Body lice can be vectors of disease
46
Conjunctivitis (pinkeye)
Haemophilus influenzae is the most common cause. This microbe is part of normal microbiota of the mouth
47
Neonatal gonorrheal opthalmia
Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae Transmitted to newborn’s eyes during passage through the birth canal Prevented by treatment to newborn’s eyes with antibiotics
48
Chlamydia trachomatis
Can cause inclusion conjunctivitis (cyst or other inclusion can form in eye) Transmitted to newborn in the birth canal Spread through swimming pool water Treated with tetracycline
49
Trachoma
Greatest cause of blindness worldwide Transmitted through birth canal Infection causes permanent scarring , scars abrade the cornea leading to blindness
50
Herpetic Keratitis
HSV1 infects cornea, may cause blindness Treated with trifluridine
51
Acanthamoeba keratitis
Transmitted from water Associated with unsanitary contact lens

Microbio (14 decks)

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