Lecture 8 Flashcards
(44 cards)
Local Infection
PAthogens limited to a small area of the body
Systemic infection
An infection throughout the body
Focal infection
Systemic infection that began as a local infection
Bacteremia
Bacteria in the blood
Septicemia
Growth of bacteria in the blood
Toxemia
Toxins in the blood
Viremia
Viruses in the blood
Primary infection
Acute infection that causes initial illness
Secondary infection
Opportunistic infection after a primary (predisposing) infection
Subclinical disease
No noticeable signs or symptoms (no apparent infection, CARRIER)
Incubation period
No signs or symptoms
Prodromal period
Starting to develop some signs and symptoms
Period of illness
Experience of full fledge of disease, all signs and symptoms typical of disease, damage to body
Death
If immune response and/or medical treatment fails
Period of decline
Symptoms begin to decline, indication that body condition is improving
Period of convalescence
Still microbes in the body but potentially no signs or symptoms, could potentially relapse back into period of illness
Reservoirs of infection
Continual sources of infection. For humans, it is commonly other humans.
Zoonoses
If animal is carrier of disease / the reservoir of disease for humans
Direct Contact
Requires close association between infected and suspectible host
Indirect contact
Spread by fomites, inanimate objects that can transmit disease. Microbes left by another human on a surface
Droplet contact
Transmission via airborne droplets traveling less than 1 meter
Vehicle transmission
Transmission by an inanimate reservoir (food borne, waterborne, domestic water and sewage, airborne = more than 1m)
Vector Transmission
Arthropods (insects, crustaceans, etc) especially fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes
Mechanical Vector transmission
Arthropod carries pathogen on its feet
