Lecture 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some arguments for freedom of movement?

A

Gives the animal control of environment
* physical and psycholigical benefits
Allows fulfillment of behavioural needs
* behavioural expression, social interaction
Maintains better physical condition

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2
Q

What are some arguments for and against housing design changes?

A
  • cost of system
  • cost of conversion: who pays for it?
  • ease of management
  • handling skills
  • automation
  • hygiene, manure management
  • Food safety
  • Animal Health
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3
Q

What are the housing systems for laying hens and how do they affect wing movement and bones?

A
  • semi-intensive alternative
  • battery cages: most fragil humerus
  • deep-litter ‘free run’: best wing movement and best humerus strength
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4
Q

How do group housed sows benefit?

A
  • greater fitness than in stalls
  • lower resting heart rate
  • increased bone strength
  • shorter birthing interval - fewer stillborns
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5
Q

Positive and negative effects of behavioural needs?

A

Positive (if behavioural need is met)
* superior health, productivity or positive behaviours
Negative (if behavioural need is not met)
* frustration, boredom, depression, psychosis

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6
Q

Examples of whether the animal needs to perform the behaviour or if they just want the consequence.

A

Need to perform it:
* forage if given food: cows roll tongue to start digestive enzymes
* nestbuild if given a nest: sows do to release oxytocin
Want the consequence:
* dig if given tunnel: gerbilswill not dig if given tunnel - want shelter

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7
Q

External motivation vs internal motivation?

A

external: gerbal & tunnel
* motivatedto perform the behaviour is controlled by environmental cues
* providing the result satisfies/extinguishes the motivation

internal: sows & nest building
* motivation is internall controlled
* only doing the behaviour will reduce motivation

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8
Q

What is Konrad Loranz’s psychohydraulic model of motivation?

A

Motivation (pressure) builds up over time, behaviour is the release

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9
Q

Why is it important to look at stereotypic animals?

A

They show brain changes to basal ganglia: changed behavioural responses, impaired learning abilities.
* might not be suitable for brain or behaviour research

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10
Q

What are the internal and external triggers of chickens dustbathing?

A

Internal:
* circadian rhythm (high in daylight)
* if restricted, motivation increases
* performed in layer cages when dust is absent
External:
* Warmer temps
* Presence of suitable substrate (sand, sawdust)
* High light levels
* Social facilitation (group behaviour)

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11
Q

How does sucking benefit calves?

A
  • greater insulin and CCK levels
  • better digestion and increased satiety
  • heart rates lower
    Internal behaviour
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12
Q

What is cognitive bias?

A

measuring if animals are pessimistic or optimistic

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13
Q

Cognitive Bias in Starlings Enriched vs regular cage

A

Birds from enriched cages were more optimistic
birds from regular cages were pessimistic

Poorer housing environment resulted in more pessimistic choices

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