What bones make up the hip bone?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What are the functions of the Pelvis or "hip bone"?
support the abdominal contents
forms attachemnt for the legs
forms attachment for abdominal muscles
What is A?
Posterior Superior Iiliac Spine
What is B?
Anterior Superior iliac Spine
What is C?
Anterior Inferiror Iliac Spine
What is D?
Acetabulum
What is E?
Pubic symphysis
What is F?
Crest of Ilium
What is G?
Ilium
What is H?
Ischium
What is the most important muscle for inspiration?
Diaphragm
What is the origin and insertion of the external intercostals
Origin: upper rib (tubrical)
Instertaion: rib below it
What is a hiatal hernia?
when the stomach starts pushing up through the esophageal hiatus
What makes up the pelvic girdle?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis (Pubic Bone)
What is the attachement for legs on the pelvic girdle?
acetavulum
Where does the inguinal ligament run?
from the pubic symphasis to the anterior superior iliac spine
What does the pectoral girdle provide support for?
muscles of respiration, specifically muscles of inspiration
What is in the pectoral girdle and what are its contents?
provides support for muscles of respiration, specifically the muscles of inspiration
scapula
clavicle
What are the three parts of the sternum?
manubrium
body (corpus)
xyphoid process
What are the three types of ribs?
True Ribs (1-7)
False Ribs (8-10)
Floating Ribs (11-12)
What is the insertion of the diaphragm and what nerve innervates it? ?
central tendon
phrenic nerve, from the cervical plexus (C3- C5)
What are the functions of the rib cage?
provide flexibility and protection
What ribs are the true ribs?
Ribs 1-7
The costal cartilage of each rib articulates ventrally with the sternum
Where does the costal cartilage articulate for the true ribs (1-7)
Articulates ventrally with the sternum
What ribs are the false ribs?
Ribs 8-10
These do not directly communicat with the sternum
What ribs are the floating ribs?
11-12
The costal cartilage at the ends of these lower most ribs blend into the soft tissue of the chest wall ventrally
What are the features of the ribs?
head: articulates with the thoracic vertebrae, 2 at a time
Neck
Tubercle: posterior surface, 3rd articulator point with thoracic vertebrae adn touches the transverse process
Angle
Shaft (body): biggest part of hteh rib
Costal End: ventral end, ends by the sternum
What is the pubic symphasis?
Where the 2 pubic bones merge
What are the positions of the ribs?
Resting: downward sloping position
Elevation: expantsion fo the chest wall
What are the dimensions that the ribs move when they are elevated?
In a lateral dimension
Anterior posterior dimension
This creates a space in the anterior and poster ior directsion and a space laterally with the chest wall
What analogy do we have for lateral movement of the ribs?
Bucket-handle
Rotational axis through the superior costal facet
Transverse diameter (lateral) of teh thorax increases
Rotates on the facets
What analogy do we have for anterior/posterior dimensional movement of the ribs?
Pump handle
Rotational xis through the superior and inferior costa facets
ribs are more forward and upward with the sternum
Helps to show that there is more space to be gained from the lower ribs when there is a lateral movement
What is the insertion point of the diaphragm?
Central Tendon
What is the Innervation of the Diaphragm
the frenic nerve, coming from the cervical plexus of C3-C5