Lecture 9 Flashcards
(34 cards)
What do the lungs always want to do and why?
The lungs always want to collapse and become the smallest they can be becasue of the elastic nature of the lung tissue adn the surface tensio of the alveoli, the surfactant helps with this however
How to the lungs expand?
the pleural linkage, pleura is attached to the chest wall and chest cavity increases with inhalation allow air flow into lunchs and smaller with exhalation, forcing air out of lungs
What happens to the lungs during inhalation?
the chest wall expands allowing airflow into the lungs (lungs are larger) the volumen of the lungs increases the pressure in our lungs decreases causing negative alveolar pressure (relative to outside of the body) –> air rushes into lungs to balance the pressure
What happens during exhalation?
our chest wall and lungs are made smaller forcing the air outward the causes compression of the chest wall decreases the volume of our lungs increases the pressure in our lungs compared to the negativ eatmospheric pressure outsid eof the body
What is the cause of the pressure change in the lungs?
the volume of the lungs is the cause of the pressure change
What is Boyle’s Law?
given the constant temperature, if the volue of hte container holding a gas is increased, the pressure within the container will decrease. The opposite is also true
What is the relationship of pressure and volume?
they are inversely related when volume goes up pressure goes down when volume goes down the pressure increases
How does air flow in the lungs?
It flows form regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure
What is the torso?
the trunk of the body without the head or exremities included
What does the change in volume drive?
The change is VOLUME drives the change in pressure, which causes the flow of air in and out of the lungs
How many total vertebrae are there?
32-33
How many cervical vertebrea are there?
7
What are the features of the cervical spine
smaller body bifid spinous process transverse foramen triangular neuroal arch
What are the two special cervical vertebrae?
C1= atlas C2 = axis
What does C1 the atlas do?
supports the skull allows us to nod our heads articulates with C2 support sthe head superiorly two lateral mases
What does C2 thte axis do?
Allows us to pivot our head (lateral motion) rotates about the atlas and the skull
What extra structures does the axis have?
otenoid process dens: strong tooth like vertical projection that articulates with the facet on the atlas has upersior and lateral facets for articulation above and below
How many Thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
What are the features of throacic vertebrae?
mid-sized vertebrae and they get larger the more inferior you to go
they attach to the ribs
no bifid spinous process
no transverse foramen
What is the inferior costal facet?
part of the thoracic vertebrae, above that connects to the head of the rib
What is the superior costal facet?
part of the thoracic vertebrae immediately below that connects to the head of the rib
What is the transverse costal facet?
The transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae that is below connecting to the tubercle
How many contact points with the throacic vertebrae for each rib are there?
3 points
How many lumbar vertebrae
5
