Lecture 10 - Democracies in transition, global challenges

Question 1

what are the four key characteristics of developing democracies?

Answer 1

Liberal democracies
high or upper-middle-income ratings
Very high or high levels of human development (HDI)
Post-industrial societies -> service based not agriculture or industry

Question 2

how do developed democracies reconcile freedom and equality?

Answer 2

it depends on the system:
Liberal democracies -> freedom
Social Democracies -> equality
Mercantilist system -> development over F&E

Question 3

wat are the three markers of political diversity in developed democracy

Answer 3

Participation, competition and liberties

Question 4

what is the main way to promote economic freedom

Answer 4

through capitalism

Question 5

Define: modern politics

Answer 5

characterised as secular, rational , materialism, technological and bureaucratic and places a greater emphasis on individual freedom than collective equality

Question 6

Define Postmodern politics

Answer 6

characterised by a set of values that centre on “equality of life” considerations and give less attention to material gain

Question 7

what are the two Modern Trends Challenging the State System (and define)

Answer 7

International Integration
- Process by which states pool their sovereignty, surrendering some individual powers in exchange for political, economic, or societal benefits
- Increase power and authority of international and regional organisations

Devolution
- Process of developing, or “sending down”, political power to lower levels of government
- Increase the power and authority of subnational governments

Question 8

Define welfare state

Answer 8

‘government-protected minimum standards of income, nutrition, health, housing and education, assured to every citizen as a political right, not charity’

Question 9

what are the four define properties of globalisation

Answer 9

1. integration of the world economy (Gilpin)
2. impact of worldwide interconnectedness (McGrew)
3. spatial and temporal link of distant localities (Giddens)
4. single global system that extends across the boundaries of states (Dryzek/ Dunkeavy)

Question 10

The challenge of Globalisation - Definitions

Answer 10

• Economic logic - there is structural dependence on mobile asset and gvt compete to attract them
• Political logic - credible exit of capital enhances mobile assets’ holders political resources

Question 11

When is the start of the EU, and what was it called?

Answer 11

1951 → European coal and steel union → to stop an arms race and interconnect economies

Question 12

who are the founding fathers of the EU and what year did that happen

Answer 12

1957 -> Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands

Question 13

how does the EU work?

Answer 13

1. Exclusive competences/ common policies
2. Shared competences/ common and national policies
3. Complementary competences
4. Intergovernmental

Question 14

what is the EU Council

Answer 14

meetings of heads of states

Question 15

What is the council of the EU

Answer 15

ministers meet up concerned with particular sectors