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A: MSK UQ > Lecture 10A: Elbow Complex Fucntional Anatomy And Biomechaicns Review > Flashcards

Lecture 10A: Elbow Complex Fucntional Anatomy And Biomechaicns Review Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 joints make up the elbow complex

A
  • humero ulnar articulation
  • humero radial articulation
  • proximal radio ulnar articulation
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2
Q

What capsules do the 3 joints of the elbow complex have

A

They share the same one

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3
Q

What is the humero ulnar articulation

A
  • medial side: medial lip of trochlea (humerus) and trochlear notch of ulna
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4
Q

What is the posterior articulation of the humero ulnar joint

A

Olecrannon

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5
Q

What is the articulation of the humero radial joint

A

Lateral side: concave radial head and convex capitulum (humerus)

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6
Q

What kind of stress does the radial head resist

A

Valgus stress at elbow

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7
Q

What is the articulation of the proximal radio ulnar joint

A

Radial head , annular ligament ring , radial fossa of ulna

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8
Q

What is the optimal motion of proximal radio ulnar joint

A

Consist of 70° pronation and 80° of supination

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9
Q

What joint is the interosseous membrane in between

A

PRUJ

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10
Q

Is the elbow joint weak or strong

A

Strong and stable

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11
Q

___ stability = ___ compensatory adjustment in the elbow

A

Increase
Decrease

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12
Q

What is the elbow prone to

A

Overuse injuries

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13
Q

If there is a gapping on the medial side of the elbow what is happening on the lateral side

A

Compresses on the lateral side and vise versa

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14
Q

What kind of joint is the humero ulnar joint

A

Uniaxial hinge joint (1 DOF- ext/flex)

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15
Q

What is the CPP and OPP of the humero ulnar joint

A

• CPP: full ext, full forearm
supination

• OPP: 70° flex, 10° forearm
supination

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16
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the humero ulnar joint

A

More flexion loss then extension

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17
Q

What kind of angulation is the carrying angle

A

Valgus angualtion at elbow

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18
Q

How does the carrying angle direct the ulna during extensions motion

A

Laterally (compared to the humerus)

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19
Q

What is the normal values for carrying anlge for male and females

A

• Males: 11-14°
• Females: 13-16°

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20
Q

Is someone has a varus deformities during carrying angle what may that indicate

A

Prior damage

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21
Q

What kind of joint is the humero radial joint

A

Uniaxial hinge joint (2 DOF— flex/ext and spin)

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22
Q

What is the CPP and OPP for humero radial joint

A

• CPP: 90° flex, 5° forearm supination

• OPP: full ext, full forearm
supination

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23
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the humero radial joint

A

No real one

Pronation loss= supination loss

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24
Q

What kind of joint is the PRUJ

A

Uniaxial pivot joint (1 DOF- spin w pro/sup)

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25
What is teh PRUJ connected by
Interosseous membrane
26
What forms 80% of articular surface of the PRUJ
Annular ligament
27
What joint is the annular ligament invovled in
PRUJ
28
What is the CPP and OPP of the PRUJ
• CPP: 5° forearm supination • OPP: 70° flex, 35° forearm supination
29
What is the capsular pattern of the PRUJ
Minimal motin loss, pain at the end range of pro/sup
30
What kind of joint is the **distal radio ulnar joint**
Pivot joint (1 DOF)
31
What is the CPP and OPP of the DRUJ
• CPP: 5° forearm supination • OPP: 10° forearm supination
32
How would u describe the elbow joint capsule
Thin but strong Reinforced medially and laterally by ligaments
33
Wwhen is the **anterior portion** of the joint capsule **taut**
In full extension
34
When is the **posterior portion** of the joint capsule **taut**
In full flexion
35
There is **greatest extensibility** in th **elbow** joint **capsule** between degrees
70-90° of flexion
36
Does the elbow joint complex respond will to injury
No Forms thick scar tissue leading to contractures at elbow
37
What dose the **ulnar collateral lig** **restraint**
Valgus stress at the bellow between 20°-130°
38
What are the 3 distinct components of the **UCL** (medial ligament complex)
* anterior * oblique * posterior
39
What component of the **MLC** is the **strongest** and **stiffest** elbow ligament
Anterior
40
What kind of stability does the lateral collateral ligament provide
Varus stability
41
What is the **primary** **restraint** for the **lateral collateral ligament**
To postero lateral instability at the elbow
42
When is the **LCL taut**
In full supination
43
What are the 2 distinct components of the lateral ligament complex
* radial collateral ligament * lateral (ulnar) collateral ligament
44
What ligament encircles teh radial head
Annular ligament
45
What is the **function** of the **annular ligament**
Maintain PRUJ relationship
46
T/F: the annular ligament is very weak
F , very strong
47
Where does the **annular ligament** **blend** with the **joint capsule**
Proximally
48
What is the **annular ligaments** reinforced by **laterally**
LCL
49
What is the collagen sheet that bind radius and ulna together
Interosseous membrane
50
How does the fibers of the IM direct away from the radius
In oblique medial direction
51
What elbow muscles are considered **anterior/flexpr** group
* Biceps brachii * Brachialis * Brachioradialis
52
What elbow muscles are considered **posterior/extensor** group
* Triceps brachii * Anconeus
53
What forearm muscles are considered posterior/extensor- supinator group
• Supinator • ECRL, ECRB, EDC, EDM, EI, ECU, APL
54
What forearm muscles are considered anterior/flexors- pronator group
• Pronator teres • Pronator quadratus • FCR, FCU, FDS, FDP, PL
55
What **nerve** passes thru **cubital tunnel**
Ulnar n
56
When is there an **increase** **cubital tunnel volume**
When the elbow is held in extension
57
When is there an **decreased** **cubital** **tunnel** volume
* full elbow flexion * space occupying lesions * OA * RA * heterotpic bone formation * trauma to nerve
58
What are the **Borders** to the **cubital tunnel** * Floor – * Roof – * Posterior – * Anterior – * Lateral –
* Floor – UCL * Roof – aponeurosis, arcuate lig * Posterior – medial head of triceps * Anterior – medial epicondyle * Lateral – olecranon
59
What represents the triangular space or depression lcoated on anterior surface of elbow joint
Cubical fossa
60
What are the borders to the **cubital fossa ** * Lateral – * Medial – * Proximal – * Floor –
* Lateral – brachioradialis, ECRL * Medial – PT * Proximal – imaginary line that passes through humeral condyles * Floor – brachialisq
61
What contents **go thru** the **cubital fossa**
* distal biceps tendon * median n * brachial A * radial N * medial cubital cutaneous V
62
What is on the **lateral cord** of the **brachial plexus**
Musculocutaneous n. (C5-C7) * brachialis and biceps
63
What makes up the **median N**
Union of medial and lateral cords of BP (C5-T1)
64
What **mm** in the **forearm** does the **medial N** innervated
* PT * FCR * FCU * FDS
65
What is the **longest branch** of the **median n** and **where** does it **run**
Anterior interosseous n and runs thru the carpal tunnel
66
What makes up the **radial N**
Posterior cord of the BP (C5-T1)
67
What **mm** in the **forearm** does the **radial n INN**
* triceps * anoconeus * brachioradialis * ECRL
68
What is the **deep branch** of the **radial** **N** known as
Posterior interosseous N | so for the median N it is the anterior interosseosus n
69
What makes up the **ulnar N**
Medial cord of the BP (C8-T1)
70
What **mm** in the **forearm** does the **ulnar n INN**
* FCU * FDP (medial side)
71
What does the a**nterior interosseous N** branch off of
The median N after it passes through the cubital tunnel ( C8- T1)
72
What N passes thru the **2 heads** of the **pronator teres**
Anterior interosseous N
73
The **anterior interosseous N** is a **motor** **N** to what 3 MM
* FDP (2nd and 3rd digits) * FPL * PQ
74
What mms is the **posterior interosseous N** a **motor** N for (8)
* supinator * ECRB * ECU * EDC * EI * EMD * EPB * APL
75
What is the central link in UE kinetic chain
Elbow
76
What are the common stresses at the elbow
* valgus = medial tension and lateral compression loading • Varus = lateral tension loading • Extension = multiple combos
77
What is normal ROM for Flexion and extension
5°-0°-145°
78
What is functional ROM for Flexion and extension
30-130
79
What is functional ROM for supination and pronation
0-50 0-50
80
What is normal ROM for supination and pronation
0-85 0-75
81
Flexion/extension and supination/pronation are ____ , especially ay end ROM
INTERDEPENDENT
82

A: MSK UQ (30 decks)

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