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A: MSK UQ > Lecture 4A: Thoracic Spine Adn Ribs Fucntional Antomy And Biomechanics > Flashcards

Lecture 4A: Thoracic Spine Adn Ribs Fucntional Antomy And Biomechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is included int he anterior column of the spine

A

Vertrabl bodies

IVD

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2
Q

What is included int he posterior column of the spine

A

Articular process and facet joints

Provides a gliding mechanism for movement

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3
Q

What is the posteiror articulations of the spinal segment

A

Articulations between supper articular process of inferior vertebra and inferior articular processes of superior vertebra

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4
Q

Which articular structures favor axial rotation

A

Horizontal

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5
Q

the vertical articular structures block what

A

Axial rotation

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6
Q

What plane does the T spine assume an almost vertical direction

A

frontal

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7
Q

The TYPE OF MOTION at the spine is governed by what 3 things

A
  • Shape and orientation of articulations
  • Ligaments and muscles of segment
  • Size and location of segment’s articulating processes
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8
Q

The amount of avaiable motion at the spine is affected by what 6 things

A
  • Disc-vertebral height ratio
  • Compliance of fibrocartilage
  • Dimensions and shape of adjacent vertebral end plates
  • Age
  • Disease
  • Gender
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9
Q

What is the largest avascualr strucutre in the body

A

IVD

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10
Q

What aren the 3 parts each IVD have

A

NP
AP
End plate

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11
Q

What are the 5 major stresses that the IVD resist

A

• Axial compression
• Shearing
• Bending
• Twisting
• Combined motion

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12
Q

What is a common MOI for disc herniation

A

Bending and twisting

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13
Q

What is the CT junction

A

Mobile lower c spine meets stiff upper T spine

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14
Q

Where is the TL junction

A

Located between t spine w large ability to rotate and L spine w limited rotation

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of spinal stability

A

Mechanical (static)

Controlled (dynamic)

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16
Q

What is the most rigid region of the spine

A

Thoracic

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17
Q

What is the functions of the thoracic spine

A

• Protects thoracic viscera
• Transfers load b/t upper and lower body regions

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18
Q

What gives u the kyphtoic posture in the T spine the disc or vertebral body

A

Body

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19
Q

What Demi (costal) facets are considered typical and why

A

T2-T9 - ribs articulate w costal facets above and below and w disc

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20
Q

What Demi (costal) facets are considered atypical and why

A

T1, t10 , t 11, t12 - ribs articular w respective vertebrae

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21
Q

Is the vertebral body in the T spine bigger posterior or anterior

A

Posteriorly

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22
Q

How much structures attach to 1st rib and body of T 1

A

32

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23
Q

_ are on the same levelas corresponding vertebral body

A

TPs

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24
Q

How is the SP and TP oriented in the T spine

A

Changes based on level

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25
What plane is the facet joints angled in the T spine
Coronal
26
What does the facet joints in the T spine favor
Rotation and SB
27
How are teh facets facing in the upper . Middle and lower T spine
Upper- between 45-60° from horizontal Middle- 90° from horizontal Lower- included towards sagittal plan
28
What is the thoracic spine rule of 3;s
• T1-3: SP same level as TP • T4-6: SP 1⁄2 level down from TP • T7-9: SP 1 level down from TP • T10: 1 level down from TP • T11: 1⁄2 level down from TP • T12: SP same level as TP
29
Since the **IV foramina** is **larger** at the T spine it is less common for what
Radiculopathy
30
What part of the spinal canal in the T spine is the **narrowest**? What does this increase the change of
T4-T9 Increase chance of spinal cord compression —> myelopathy
31
Is it common to herniate a disc in the thoracic spine
No
32
What ligament connects lamina of adjacent vertebra
Ligamentum flavum
33
Where does the supraspinous ligament connect
Tips of SPs
34
What ligament blends w the supraspinous ligament
Interspinous lig
35
What is the **primary function** of the **rib**
Protect heart and lungs
36
What ribs are true, false and floating
1-7= true - attach directly to sternum 8-10= false - attach to costchondral cartilage 11, 12= floating - unattached anteriorly
37
What cervical rib is most commonly reported
C7 Often identified secondary to pts developing TOS
38
the articular tubercle of the ribs is ___ and the TP is ___
Convex Concave
39
What kind of joint is the **Cost0 vertebral joint**
Synovial joint
40
Wht ligament of the CV joint is a fan shaped and connects head of rib to 2 adjacent vertebral bodies and disc
Radiate
41
T/f: ribs connect to 1 vertebrae
F , multiple
42
Do ribs also connect to thoracic disc
yes
43
What can Mimi thoraci disc issues
Rib dysfucntion
44
What kind of joint is the Costo transverse joint
synovial joint
45
What is the CostoTranverse joint
TP and rib tubercle
46
Where does the **superior CT lig** attach
Inferior TP to superior border of adjacent rib below
47
T_, T_, and T_ are costo sternal joint —>
T1, T6, T7 Synchondrosis joint - dont move much
48
What costosternal joints are synovial joints
T2-T5
49
Mm of the T spine are divided into what 2 groups
Spinal or extremity motion Or Respiration
50
What mm affect **spinal motin** of the T spine (7)
* Iliocostalis * Longissimus * Spinalis * Semispinalis * Multifidus * Rotatores * Intertransversii
51
What mm affect the **extremity motion** of the T spine
* Pec major ( think fb players) * Lat dorsi * Serratus anterior ( important part of force couple for normla scapular upward rotation and posterior tipping) * Psoas * Quadratus lumborum
52
What mm affected **respiration** in the t spine (5)
* Diaphragm * Intercostals ( External ,internal, Transverse) * Transversus * Levator costae * Serratus Posterior (Superior & Inferior)
53
The thoracic spinal cord is ___ packed into SC making it unusually susceptible to injury
Tightly
54
All spinal nerves in the T spine have a ___ component
Sympathetic
55
What is the sympathetic innervation for the Head: UEs: Trunk/thorax: LEs:
• Head: T1-2 • UEs: T3-7 • Trunk/thorax: T1-12 • LEs: T7-12
56
What are teh important peripheral nerves in the thoracic region (3)
• Dorsal scapular nerve • Thoracodorsal nerve • Long thoracic nerve
57
___ overlap frequently in thoracic region making it difficult to determine affected spinal levels through sensory testing
Dermatomes
58
Thoracic region supported mainly by ___ ___ arteries
Posterior inercostal
59
What spinal cord region in the T spine is **poorly vascualrized**
T4-T9
60
During thoracic flexion how does the facets move
Up and forward
61
During thoracic extension how does the facets move
Down and back
62
During thoracic R SB how does the R and L facets move
• R facet moves down and back, L facet moves up and forward
63
During thoracic R rotation how does the R and L facets move
• R facet moves down and back, L facet moves up and forward
64
Where can pure axial rotation occur (2 points)
CT junction and TL junction
65
The upper t spine (___) produces what kind of rib movement? The lower t spine (___) produces what kind of rib movement
Pump T1-T6 Buckle T7-T10
66
In the uppe t spine the rib elevation increases in what diameter of the chest
AP
67
In the **lower** t spine the **rib elevation** **increases** in what diameter of the chest
ML
68
During **inspiration** what happens at the diaphragm
Contraction and descends
69
During **expiration** what happens at the diaphragm
Relaxes and raises
70
During expiration what happens at the diaphragm

A: MSK UQ (29 decks)

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