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Anatomy II > Lecture 11 (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Lecture 11 (Exam 2) Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

What 3 arteries supply the dorsum of the foot?

A

Anterior tibial artery
Arcuate artery
Deep plantar artery

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2
Q

The anterior tibial artery is a branch from what artery?

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

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3
Q

The _______ artery is a termination of the dorsals pedis artery and gives off the dorsal metatarsals to the dorsal digitals.

A

Arcuate

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4
Q

What are the 3 main nerves of the dorsum of the foot?

A 
Superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve
Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
Sural nerve
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5
Q

This nerve is cutaneous and gives rise to the medial and intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerves.

A

Superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve

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6
Q

This nerve has a lateral branch that is the motor to intrinsic muscles on the dorsum, and a medial branch that is cutaneous.

A

Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve

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7
Q

This nerve gives off the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve.

A

Sural nerve

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8
Q

Tendons of both the peroneus longus and brevis pass through both of these retinacula.

A

Superior peroneal retinacula

Inferior peroneal retinacula

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9
Q

What are the muscles involved with the dorsum of the foot?

A

Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
Dorsal interossei

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10
Q

The extensor hallucis brevis is sometimes considered part of what other muscle?

A

Extensor digitorum brevis

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11
Q

The dorsal interossei are (ADDUCTORS/ABDUCTORS) and use the (FIRST/SECOND) toe as the reference.

A

Abductors

Second

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12
Q

What provides the blood supply for the sole of the foot?

A

Posterior tibial artery which branches into medial and lateral plantar arteries

Perforating arteries

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13
Q

What are the main nerves providing the cutaneous innervation in the sole of the foot?

A

Tibial nerve
Saphenous nerve
Sural nerve

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14
Q

In the sole of the foot, what does the tibial nerve branch into?

A

Medial calcaneal nerve
Medial plantar nerve
Lateral plantar nerve

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15
Q

What provides the motor innervation to the sole of the foot?

A

Tibial nerve via the lateral and medial planter nerves

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16
Q

What are the superficial layers of the sole of the foot?

A

Skin

Plantar aponeurosis

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17
Q

What is the first muscle layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

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18
Q

What are the tendons in the first muscle layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Flexor digitorum longus tendon

Flexor hallucis longus tendon

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19
Q

What is the origin of the abductor hallucis?

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

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20
Q

What is the insertion of the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial sesamoid and base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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21
Q

What actions does the abductor hallucis perform?

A

Abducts great toe at MP joint

Helps to flex MP joint

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22
Q

What innervates the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial plantar nerve

S1-2

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23
Q

What is the origin of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Calcaneal tuberosity

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24
Q

What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

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25
What actions does the flexor digitorum brevis perform?
Flexes PIP joints of digits 2-5
26
What innervates the flexor digitorum brevis?
Medial plantar nerve | L5, S1-2
27
What is the origin of the abductor digiti minimi?
Calcaneal tuberosity
28
What is the insertion of the abductor digiti minimi?
Proximal phalanx of little toe
29
What actions does the abductor digiti minimi perform?
Abducts the little toe and the MP joint
30
What innervates the abductor digiti minimi?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
31
What is in the second muscle layer of the sole of the foot?
Quadratus plantae | Lumbricals
32
What is the origin of the quadratus plantae?
Medial head is from the medial aspect of the plantar surface of calcaneus Lateral head is from the lateral aspect of the plantar surface of calcaneus
33
What is the insertion of the quadratus plantae?
Lateral edge of the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
34
What actions does the quadratus plantae perform?
May help to flex DIP joints of digits 2-5
35
What innervates the quadratus plantae?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
36
What is the origin of the lumbricals?
1st lumbrical -- From long tendon of second digit Lumbricals 2-4 -- From intervals between the adjacent long flexor tendons
37
What is the insertion of the lumbricals?
Medial side to join the extensor tendons on the proximal phalanges of digits 2-5
38
What actions do the lumbricals perform?
Flexes the MP joints and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 2-5
39
What innervates lumbrical 1?
Medial plantar nerve | S2-3
40
What innervates lumbricals 2-4?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
41
What is the third muscle layer of the sole of the foot?
Flexor hallucis longus tendon Adductor hallucis Flexor digiti minimi brevis
42
The flexor hallucis longus tendon passes between sesamoid bones in the tendons of what muscle?
Flexor hallucis brevis
43
What is the origin of the flexor hallucis brevis?
Plantar surfaces of the cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
44
What is the insertion of the flexor hallucis brevis?
Both sides of base of the proximal phalanx of 1st digit
45
What actions does the flexor hallucis brevis perform?
Flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit
46
What innervates the flexor hallucis brevis?
Medial plantar nerve | S2-3
47
What is the origin of the adductor hallucis oblique head?
From peroneus longus sheath and bases of metatarsals 2-4
48
What is the origin of the adductor hallucis transverse head?
From plantar metatarsophalangeal ligaments of digits 2-4
49
What is the insertion of the adductor hallucis?
Base of proximal phalanx of the great toe with the flexor hallucis brevis
50
What actions does the adductor hallucis perform?
Adducts the great toe at the MP joint
51
What innervates the adductor hallucis?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
52
What is the origin of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Sheath of peroneus longus and base of 5th metatarsal
53
What is the insertion of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Base of proximal phalanx of little toe
54
What actions does the flexor digiti minimi brevis perform?
Flexes the PIP joint of the little toe
55
What innervates the flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
56
What is in the fourth muscle layer of the sole of the foot?
Peroneus longus tendon Tibialis posterior tendon Interossei
57
The interossei in the sole of the foot consist of ______ plantar (adductors) and ______ dorsal (abductors).
Three Four ***Remember PAD and DAB
58
What is the origin of the dorsal interossei?
Adjacent sides of shafts of metatarsals 1-5
59
What is the insertion of the dorsal interossei?
Medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2 | Lateral sides of digits 2-4
60
What actions do the dorsal interossi perform?
Abducts digits 2-4 | Flex metatarsophalangeal joints
61
What innervates the dorsal interossei?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3
62
What is the origin of the plantar interossei?
Each head arises from the medial side of the base of each metatarsus 3-5 and from the sheath of the peroneus longus
63
What is the insertion of the plantar interossei?
Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the same digit
64
What actions do the plantar interossei perform?
Adducts digits 3-5 at the MP joints toward the axis of the second toe Flexes the MP joins and extends the PIP and DIP joints of digits 3-5
65
What innervates the plantar interossei?
Lateral plantar nerve | S2-3

Anatomy II (11 decks)

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