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Anatomy 2 > Lecture 13: Horse Thoracic Cavity (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Lecture 13: Horse Thoracic Cavity (Exam 2) Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What ribs is the diaphragm found

A

7th to the 18th rib

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2
Q

What does the costal part of the diaphragm attach too

A

The cartilages of the ribs

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3
Q

What does the sternal part of the diaphragm attach too

A

The dorsal surface of the xiphoid cartilage

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4
Q

What does the lumbar part of the diaphragm attach too

A

The right & left crura (lumbar vertebrae & ventral longitudinal lig)

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5
Q

Where is the aortic hiatus located

A

Btw/ the two crura

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6
Q

Where is the esophageal hiatus

A

Perforates the right crus near its junction w/ the central tendon

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7
Q

Where is the caval foramen located

A

Courses through the central tendon toward the right side

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8
Q

Label the following

A
  • C = Costal parts
  • S = Sternal parts
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9
Q

What part of the diaphragm attaches to the cartilages of the ribs

A

Costal parts

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10
Q

What is the difference btw/ a hiatus & foramen

A
  • Hiatus - apperature btw/ muscles
  • Foramen - Not btw/ muscles
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11
Q

Label the following

A
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12
Q

What are the parietal pleuras found in equine

A
  • Mediastinal pleura (cranial, middle, caudal)
  • Diaphragmatic pleura
  • Costal pleura
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13
Q

Which pleura is usually fenestrated in equine

A

Caudal mediastinum

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14
Q

What is the Cupula plural

A
  • Cranial extent of the pleural cavity
  • Extends cranial to the first rib
  • Is larger on the right side
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15
Q

Name the places in pleura where there is no lung found

A
  • Cupula pleural
  • Costodiaphragmatic recess
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16
Q

What is the lung capacity of a horses lungs

A

55 liters

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17
Q

What is the difference btw/ the left & right lung in equine

A

There is an accessory lobe in the right lung

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18
Q

Label the following:
Is this a right or left lobe

A

Right lobe

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19
Q

What are the lobes of the right lung

A
  • Cranial
  • Caudal
  • Accessory lobes
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20
Q

What is different about equine lungs

A
  • A defined cardiac notch
  • Lobes do not have a distinct line separating them
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21
Q

Label the following right lung

A
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22
Q

Describe the pulmonary hilus/hilum

A
  • Wedge shaped region in the middle of ea. lung
  • Has no pleura surrounding it
  • Is where the main structures of the lung enter & exit
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23
Q

Label the following (caudal view)

A
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24
Q

What are the lobes of the left lung

A
  • Cranial
  • Caudal
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25
What intercostal spaces can the cardiac notch of the left lung be found
* 3rd * 4th * 5th
26
Label the following: Is this a left or right lung?
Left
27
At what are the ICS where the cardiac notch is?
3rd - 5th ICS
28
What muscles are attached in the internal walls of the trachea to connect the tracheal cartilage
Tracheal muscles
29
Label the following:
30
At what thoracic vertebrae is the carina found
T4 - T5
31
Secondary bronchus
right - 3 left - 2
32
Label the following:
33
What is "A"
34
what are the basal border of the lung
* Dorsal region of the 16th rib * Middle of the 11th rib * Costochondral jxn of the 6th rib
35
What is the costodiaphragmatic recess
Space caudal to the basal border of the lungs
36
Label the following:
37
What are the borders/points to listen to the lungs
38
What % of the horses weight = the heart
0.7%
39
What is the average pulse in a mature horse & what is the max it can be
* Avg - 28 to 45 bpm * Max - 250 bpm
40
What is the average weight of an adult horse heart
3.6 kg
41
Label the following
42
Label the following
43
Label the following
44
Label the following
45
What should be an important part of the heart that should be looked at in a necropsy. (especially in foals)
Fossa ovalis
46
Label the following
47
What is a difference found in the equine heart
* The right coronary artery is larger * The subsinuosal interventricular br is provided by the right circumflex br of the right coronary artery * The left & right circumflex do not anostamos (not come together)
48
Label the following
49
Where is the pulmonary valve found
* Left side * 3rd or 4th IC space * Craniodorsal to the olecranon
50
Where is the aortic valve
* Left side * 4th ICS * Ventral to the shoulder
51
Where is the left AV valve (M) located
* Left side * 5th ICS * Caudodorsal to the olecranon
52
How many branches are found coming off the aortic arch in horses (what are its/there name)
* 1 * Brachiocephalic trunk
53
What branches come off of the brachiocephalic trunk
* Left subclavian a * Right subclavian a * Right common carotid a * Left common carotid a * Bicarotid trunk
54
Label the following
55
Label the following
56
What branches does the costocervical trunk
* Provides the first 4 IC arteries * Dorsal scapular a. * Supreme
57
Label the following
58
Describe the deep cervical a.
* Goes very deep to the nuchal ligament * Origin varies * Courses toward the head to supply the cervical structures & musculature in the caudal neck region
59
Label the following
60
Label the following
61
Describe the vertebral a
* Supplies the cervical bones, spinal nerves, & spinal arteries * Both vertebral a come together to supply the brain w/ the basilar a. * Courses cranially through the transverse foramen through the alar foramen & lateral vertebral foramen then enters the vertebral canal
62
What are the arrows pointing at
vertebral a & v
63
Label the following
64
What does the superficial cervical a supply
* Craniolateral shoulder region * Esp pec muscles
65
Label the following
66
Describe the internal thoracic a
* Ventral IC * Runs all the way to the xiphyoid * Branches into the ventral intercostal aa & the cranial epigastric a.
67
What does the ventral intercostal aas supply
supplies the ventral part of the thoracic wall
68
What does the cranial epigastric a supply
Supplies the ventral abdominal wall
69
Label the following:
70
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71
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72
What is a diff in found in equine veins
* There is a bijugular trunk that makes up the cranial vena cava * The subclavians join with the bijuglar trunk
73
Label the following
74
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75
Label the following

Anatomy 2 (50 decks)

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