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Anatomy 2 > Lecture 29 & 30: Ruminant Alimentary System (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Lecture 29 & 30: Ruminant Alimentary System (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Label the following diagram

A
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2
Q

Label the following diagram

A
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3
Q

What is the benefit of regurgitating in ruminants

A

Be able to swallow food in a moment of danger and chew it later when back in to a safe area

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4
Q

What is the route of food through the stomach

A

Rumen -> reticulum -> omasum -> abomasum

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5
Q

Label the following

A
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6
Q

What are the 4 chambers colloquial terms

A
  • Rumen: Paunch
  • Reticulum: Honeycomb
  • Omasum: Maniply
  • Abomasum: True stomach
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7
Q

What type of fermenters are ruminants

A

Foregut fermenters

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8
Q

Where does the abomasum connect

A

to the descending anatomy

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9
Q

Where is the ascending & descending colon

A
  • Ascending: Right side
  • Descending: On the left side
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10
Q

What are the difference of bovine stomachs

A
  • Larger volumes
  • Slightly diff anatomy w/in the rumen
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11
Q

Label the following

A
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12
Q

Label the following

A
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13
Q

If you can see the omasum & abomasum what side of the animal are you looking @

A

The right side

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14
Q

Label the following

A
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15
Q

What part of the stomach takes up a lot of room on the left side of the stomach

A

Rumen

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16
Q

T/F: The arteries & veins of the ruminant stomach are the same as equine/caninee

A

True

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17
Q

Describe the branches of ruminant arteries & veins

A
  • Celiac: Main branch off the aorta, gives off the left gastric
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18
Q

Label just the numbers (1 - 12)

A
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19
Q

Label the following numbers (1,3,5,6, & 9)

A
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20
Q

Label the structures inside the rumen

A
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21
Q

Where is the antrum

A

Is the first space coming into the stomach

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22
Q

What are the pillars

A

Hard stiff structures that divide up the rumen

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23
Q

What is found in the anturm

A
  • Fine little papilla
  • Used to absorb digested food better
24
Q

What can pass through the reticular groove

A

Small really thin particles

25
Label the following
26
T/F: Camels & alpacas are ruminants
False they ruminate but they aren't rumininants
27
What are the external & internal features of the rumen
28
What are the external & internal features of the reticulum
29
What are the external & internal features of omasum
30
What are the internal & external features of the abomasum
31
What is a difference btw/ an adult goats stomach & a kid goats stomach
* In a kid the abomasum is about 70% of the stomach while the rumen it 30% (Acts more like a monogastric stomach) * In an adult the abomasum takes up 7% of the stomach when the rumen is 80% of the stomach
32
What are the % that each compartment takes of the stomach in a neonatal bovine
* Abomasum = 60% * Rumen = 15% * Omasum = 10% * Reticulum = 5%
33
Label the following
34
Where do different components of digesta sit in the rumen
* "cud" at the bottom * Fibrous component lays a fiber mat on top of the cud * Liquid above the fiber mat * Gas at the very top
35
How does food travel through the GI system
* Orad to aborad * Oral cavity -> esophagus -> rumen -> reticulum -> omasum -> abomasum -> duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum -> ascending colon -> spiral colon -> transverse colon -> descending colon -> rectum -> anus
36
How is cud made
* Regurgitated & chewed again while the ruminant is lying down * Food is swallowed for the second time bypasses the rumen * The digesta is then finally processed by acids and digestive enzymes in the other stomach chambers
37
Describe the reticulum
* Receives the metal (can use a gi magnet to catch most metal) * Sight of "hardware disease" * 2nd stomach in the system * Looks like a honeycomb * Helps keep food in the rumen mixed w/ water & saliva * When done the mixture can move on to other parts of the system
38
Describe the omasum
* 3rd chamber of the stomach * Made up of lots of folds of tissue (like 1/2 a leaf) to create a large surface area to absorb water * Can also act as a filtration system & only allows fine particles & small amounts of fluid into the abomasum * "Leaves of a book"
39
Describe the abomasum
* Where chemical process occurs * Digestive juices cause chemical changes to break down the proteins, carbs, & fats into simpler substances * The simpler substances now pass into the small intestine for further digestion & absorption into the blood stream * Dumps into the hepatic portal to take it to the liver to detoxify before sending it to the caudal vena cava * Acts like a non ruminant stomach * Functions as digestive unit in calves until they are several months old when rumination begins * The rugi folds will expand/straighten out to allow for the abomasum to expand to hold for food
40
Label the following (37 -46):
41
Which artery delivers blood to the abomasum near the omasum
Left gastric a
42
Label the following:
43
Label the following
44
What is a common gi syndrome in cattle
* Displaced abomasum (RDA or LDA) * The abomasum fills up w/ gas and float up on the left side or will twist and float up to the right side
45
Label the following
46
Label the folowing
47
How can you determine if it is the ileum or jejunum
Antimesenteric a is on the ileum
48
Is the spinal colon before the or after the transverse colon
Before (orad = closer to the oral cavity)
49
How does the small intestine increase the surface area of its mucosal layer
By having millions of villi
50
Label A, B, D, E, G, J, 12, 13, 14
51
Label the following
52
What lymph nodes can are palpatable on a PE
* Superficial inguinal LN * superficial surgical LN
53
What organ is important to the lymphatic system
Spleen
54
What LN can be found will dissecting
* Mesenteric LN
55
Label the following

Anatomy 2 (50 decks)

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