Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Anatomy I > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

(81 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is endomysium

A

connective tissue that wraps individual muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is perimysium

A

Connective tissue that wraps around multiple muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a fasciculus or what are fasciculi

A

A bundle of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is epimysium

A

Connective tissue that wraps around multiple fasciculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the fascial wrapping continuous with

A

tendons, periosteum, and other connective tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is superficial fascia

A

subdermal loose connective tissue that contains blood vessels, fat, and nerves (reticular)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is deep fascia

A

Thick connective tissue that forms various protective structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an investing layer

A

fascia that surrounds muscle groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is intermuscular septa

A

Fascia that separates functional muscle groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a bursa

A

A flattened sac located in a region where friction needs to be reduced between muscle/tendon and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are synovial sheaths

A

bursae surrounding tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are bursae made of

A

connective tissue and bursal fluid on the inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is bursitis

A

The swelling/inflammation of a bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a motor unit

A

muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What detects the stretch of a particular muscle to prevent over stretching/tearing

A

specialized sensory nerves such as Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If an axon innervates very few muscle fibers, will it have power or finesse in its contraction

A

finesse (think ocular muscles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If an axon innervates many muscle fibers, will it have power or finesse in its contraction

A

Power (think latissima dorsi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

Spine of T6-L5, intertubercular groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What muscle(s) does the Thoracodorsal nerve innervate

A

Latissimus Dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extend, adduct, and medially rotate the humerus (handcuffs!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the levator Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C1-4
Insertion: Medial border of the scapula superior to the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rhomboid minor

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1
insertion: medial border of scapula, at the level of the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rhomboid major

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T2-5
insertion: Medial border of scapula, below level of the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the Dorsal scapular nerve innervate

A

Levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, and rhomboid major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the action of the rhomboids and levitator scapulae
Elevate, retract, and medially rotate the scapula
26
Where is the Dorsal scapular nerve located
It decends from C5 and passes deep to the rhomboids and levitator scapulae
27
What are the 7 muscles on the scapula that move the humerus
Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres major, teres minor, triceps
28
What are the origins of the deltoid
Posterior deltoid: spine of the scapula, intermediate deltoid: acromion, anterior deltoid: lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
29
What is the insertion of the deltoid
deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
30
What does the axillary nerve innervate
deltoid and teres minor
31
Where is the axillary nerve located
It branches from the brachial plexus and passes through the quadrangular space.
32
What are the 4 borders of the quadrangular space
teres major and minor, humerus, and the long head of the triceps
33
What does SITS stand for
The rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
34
What is the origin and insertion of the supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
35
what is the origin and insertion of the infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinous fossa insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
36
What is the origin and insertion of the Teres minor
Origin: lateral border of the scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
37
What is the origin and insertion of the subscapularis
Origin: subscapular fossa Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
38
What does the suprascapular nerve innervate
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus
39
Where is the suprascapular nerve located
It decends from C5, passes through the suprascapular notch under the transverse ligament, and passes into the infra/supraspinatus muscles
40
What does the upper subscapularis nerve innervate
The subscapularis
41
What does the lower subscapularis nerve innervate
The subscapularis and teres major
42
What is the most common pathology of the rotator cuff muscles
The suprasinatus gets inflamed, and the swelling makes it rub against the acromion and surrounding ligaments, leading to a tear
43
What is the origin and insertion of the teres major
Origin: Lateral border of the scapula Insertion: intertubercular groove
44
What is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis major
Origin: medial 1/2 of the clavicle and upper 6 costal cartilages Insertion: Bicipital groove on the humerus
45
What is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis minor
Origin: Ribs 3,4,5 Insertion: Coracoid process
46
What is the action of the pectoralis minor
protract,depress, and medial rotation of the scapular
47
What innervates the pectoralis minor
The medial pectoral n
48
What is the origin and insertion of the subclavius
Origin: first costal cartilage Insertion: infer. groove of clavicle
49
What is the action of the subclavius
to depress and stabilize the clavicle
50
What is the innervation of the subclavius
n to subclavius (Haha, laaame)
51
What innervates the pectoralis Major
lateral and medial pectoral nn
52
where is the medial pectoral nerve located
It branches from the brachial plexus and passes through the minor into the major pec
53
What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior
Origin: upper 8 ribs Insertion: medial border of the scapula
54
What does the long thoracic n innervate
The serratus anterior
55
What is the action of the serratus
protract and laterally rotate the scapula
56
Where is the long thoracic n located
it decends from C5,6,7 and passes under the clavicle to the serratus anterior
57
What is scapular winging
Weakness in either the rhomboids or serratus anterior that causes lateral or medial rotation, respectively.
58
What is the origin of the trapezius
Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spines of C7-T12
59
What is the insertion of the trapezius
Spine of the scapula (top), acromion, and lateral 1/3 of the clavicle (top)
60
What does the accessory n (CN XI) innervate?
The sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius
61
What is the action of the trapezius on the scapula
elevation, depression, retraction, lateral rotation
62
Where is the accessory n located
It decends from the base of the skull, out of the posterior triangle of the neck, and passes down the side of the neck deep to the trapezius
63
What are the 3 joint types
Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
64
What are the three types of fibrous joints
Syndesmoses, Sutures, and Gomphosis
65
What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints
Symphysis and synchondrosis
66
What are the 5 key characteristics of a synovial joint
1. articulating ends are covered in hyaline cartilage. 2. synovial space between the bones and within the joint capsule 3. articular capsule consisting of CT that is continuous with the periosteum of the bones 4. Synovial membrane on inner lining of joint capsule that creates a lubricating synovial fluid 5. occasionally there is a fibrocartilage articulating disc or meniscus between the bones
67
What type of joint is formed if the interzonal mesenchyme dies off
As it dies, it signals the formation of hyaline cartilage, and forms a synovial joint
68
What type of joint it formed if mesenchyme turns into chondrocytes?
Chondrocytes are cartilage forming cells, so it become a cartilaginous joint
69
What type of joint is formed if mesenchyme turns into fibroblasts
Fibroblasts make connective tissue, so a fibrous joint will form.
70
Which muscles retract the scapula
Traps, rhomboids, and lev. scap
71
Which muscles protract the scapula
Pec. minor and serratus anterior
72
Which muscles elevate the scapula
Trap, rhomboids, and lev. scap
73
Which muscles depress the scapula
Trap and pec. minor
74
Which muscles laterally rotate the scapula
Trap and serratus anterior
75
Which muscles medially rotate the scapula
Rhomboids, lev scap, and pec. minor
76
Which muscles flex the humerus
Pec. major, deltoid, biceps br. and corocobrachius
77
Which muscles extend the humerus
Latissimus, teres major, deltoid, and triceps brac.
78
Which muscles abduct the humerus
Deltoid and supraspinatus
79
Which muscles adduct the the humerus
Pec major, latissimus, teres major, and corocobrac.
80
Which muscles medially rotate the humerus
Pec major, latissimus, teres major, deltoid, and subscapular
81
Which muscles laterally rotate the humerus
Deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor

Musculoskeletal Anatomy I (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions