Lecture 2 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the different ways we say things? With examples.
- Vocabulary and word choice
Ex. That sootbucket vs my teacher Mr. Sutton - Other levels of linguistic analysis
Ex. You seen our ‘enry’s new ‘ouse yet.
『 Example 4:
Sam: You seen our ‘enry’s new ‘ouse yet?
It’s in ‘alton you know.
Jim: I have indeed. I could hardly miss it Sam.
Your Henry now owns the biggest house in Halton 』
What do you notice?
The difference in Sam and Jim’s [h] dropping behavior reflects their different education and occupations. They have different social backgrounds despite their common regional origins.
- Refuse should be deposited in the receptacle provided.
- Put your rubbish in the bin, Jilly.
Compare these sentences.
The first one uses a passive grammatical structure ‘should be deposited, which avoids any mention of the people involved.
The second one uses an imperative verb form ‘put’ and an address form ‘Jilly’. It is more direct and it specifies whose rubbish is the focus of the directive.
The reasons for the choice of one dialect over the other in Hemnesberget involve social considerations such as:
the participants, the social setting, and the topic or purpose of the interaction.
What do sociolinguists mean by the term variety?
Sociolinguistics use the term variety or code to refer to any set of logistic forms which patterns according to social factors
Variety refers to ________.
Language in context
What is a variety?
A set of linguistic forms used under specific social circumstances.
Variety is a broad term which includes ________ .
Different accents, different linguistic styles, different dialects and even different languages which contrast with each other for social reasons.
In any community, the varieties or codes which are available for use in different social contexts form a kind of ________ of available options.
Repertoire
The people of each community have their distinctive linguistic repertoire.
V
In monolingual communities, the varieties take the form of different ________ and ________.
styles, dialects.
Choosing the appropriate variety from the available linguistic repertoire depends on ________ .
Social factors
People acquire their knowledge of varieties and how to use them by ________ .
Extensive exposure and a process of osmosis (the process of gradual or unconscious assimilation of ideas, knowledge, etc.)
most varieties in a person’s linguistic repertoire are acquired with more conscious effort.
X
Little conscious effort
