Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Exam 4 > Lecture 22: Blood and Lymph > Flashcards

Lecture 22: Blood and Lymph Flashcards

1
Q

3 layers of blood vessels

A
  1. tunica interna - thin endothelium
  2. tunica media - smooth muscle
  3. tunica externa - CT sheath around outside of vessel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 types of blood vessels

A

arteries
veins
lymphatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

arteries =
1. appearance:
2: tunica interna: internal __ membrane
3. tunica media: __ muscle layer
4. tunica externa: __ and ___

A

carry blood away from the heart to the tissues
1. round, thick walls aka garden hose
2. elastic
3. thick
4. collagen and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

veins =
1. appearance:
2. tunica interna: __ walls, no __ membrane
3. tunica media: __ muscle layer
4. tunica externa: __ and few ___

A

return blood to the heart from the tissues
1. not always round, thin walls aka sock
2. smooth, elastic
3. thin
4. collagen and FEW elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lymphatics =
1. very __ walled vesseled with __ valves

A

return lymph (interstitial fluid) to the heart
1. thin, small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where is the blood?
1. __% - heart & lungs
2. __% - brain, arteries, capillaries
3. __% - skin, gut, liver, veins

A
  1. 15%
  2. 20%
  3. 65%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vasoconstriction of a vessel =

A

decrease in diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vasodilation of a vessel =

A

increase in diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fight/flight response (___)
1. dilation of capillary beds in ___
2. restriction of blood supply to __

A

sympathetic
1. muscles
2. gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

rest/digest response (___)
1. redistribute blood to ___ (increase __ absorption)
2. dilation of capillary beds in __ (increase delivery of __)

A

parasympathetic
1. gut, food
2. gut, blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. arteries lead __ from the heart
  2. arteries branch into __ and __ arteries
  3. veins lead __ the heart
  4. veins combine into __ and __ veins
A
  1. AWAY
  2. smaller and smaller
  3. TOWARD
  4. larger and larger
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

anastomotic fluke =

A

2 arteries running into one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

collateral circulation =

A

blood flow running parallel to one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

arteriosclerosis =

A

abnormal thickening/ rigidity of arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

aneurysm =

A

bulge in weakened arterial wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

embolus =

A

drifting clot in the circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

embolism =

A

blockage due to the clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ischemia =

A

restricted blood supply to an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

infarction =

A

localized cell death in an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cerebrovascular accident =

A

stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

median cubital

A

where we draw blood from
superficial vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

___ veins help cool the body because they have more blood in them

A

superficial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

varicose veins =

A

veins swollen/distorted by valve failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

hemorrhoids =

A

varicose veins of the rectum and anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
hemorrhoids =
varicose veins of the rectum and anus
25
circulation of the head: arterial supply 1. skin and muscles supplied by ____ 2. brain tissue supplied by branches of: a. ____ (via ___) --> supply brain with blood b. ___ (via __) --> supply brain with blood 3. all branches held in place by the ___
1. external carotid artery 2a. internal carotid artery (via carotid canal) 2b. vertebral artery (via foramen magnum) 3. arachnoid
26
arterial circle aka ___ 1. anastomotic ring that encircles ___ 2. formed by: ___ and ___ artery 3. distribution hub for the arterial supply to ___
Circle of Willis 1. pituitary gland 2. internal carotid artery & basilar artery 3. brain
27
blood brain barrier: 1. ___ (neuroglia) and endothelial cells a. restricted ___ b. control ___ exchange between brain and blood
1. astrocytes a. permeability b. chemical
28
exceptions to blood brain barrier: 1. capillaries of the ___ a. permeable: secretion of __ 2. capillaries in the __ and ___ a. permeable: secretion of __ into circulation
1. choroid plexus a. CSF 2. hypothalamus and epithalamus a. hormones
29
most dural sinuses drain to the ___
internal jugular veins
30
blood from brain stem drains to __
vertebral veins
31
scalp, skin, muscles drain to __
external jugular vein
32
vertebral + jugular + subclavian v.s. =
brachiocephalic vein
33
arterial supply to gut
celiac trunk superior mesenteric artery inferior mesenteric artery
34
celiac trunk: 1. hepatic artery > __ 2. left gastric artery > ___ 3. splenic artery > __, 1/2 of __
1. liver 2. stomach 3. spleen, pancreas
35
superior mesenteric artery (3 branches) 1. intestinal artery > 1/2 __, all of ___, ___ 2. right colic artery > ___ 3. middle colic > ___
1. pancreas, all of small intestine, appendix 2. ascending colon 3. transverse colon
36
inferior mesenteric artery (3 branches) 1. left colic artery > ___ 2. sigmoidal artery > ___ 3. rectal artery > ___
1. descending colon 2. sigmoid colon 3. rectum
37
___ filters/modifies substances in the blood
liver
38
liver is drained by ___ to ___
hepatic vein to inferior vena cava
39
everything in your GI tract goes back to __ via the ___
liver, via hepatic portal system
40
the hepatic vein = __ + ___
superior mesenteric vein + splenic vein
41
common hepatic artery comes off __
celiac trunk
42
fetal circulation: 1. ductus venous = __ in adult 2. foramen ovale = __ in adult 3. ductus arteriosus = __ in adult
1. ligamentum venosum 2. fossa ovalis 3. ligamentum arteriosum
43
umbilical arteries are carrying __ blood
venous
44
unique features: fetal systemic circulation 1. blood from __ > __ > ___ 2. placenta exchanges __, __, ___ 3. umbilical vein returns ___ blood to body 4. ductus venous > ___
1. internal iliac > umbilical > placenta 2. gases, nutrients, waste 3. oxygenated 4. inferior vena cava
45
circulatory changes at birth 1. loss of __ arteries, veins, and ___ 2. ductus arteriosus __ 3. neonate inhales/expands lungs, ____ circuit starts 4. blood flows into __ = ___ closes
1. umbilical, ductus venosus 2. closes 3. pulmonary 4. left atrium, foramen ovale
46
functions of the lymphatic system
return interstitial fluid from tissues to the blood maintain osmotic balance in peripheral tissues production, maintenance, distribution of lymphocytes
47
lymphopoiesis =
production of lymphocytes
48
do adults have a thymus?
no
49
lymphoid organs:
tonsils, spleen, GALT (gut assisted lymphatic tissue), thymus
50
what is the largest lymphatic organ
spleen
51
hilum (hilus) =
an opening that has something that comes in and out at the same area
52
right lymphatic duct drains:
right arm, shoulder, and head
53
left lymphatic duct drains:
everything the right doesnt
54
right and left lymphatic ducts return lymph to __
right and left subclavian veins
55
edema =
abnormal accumulation of fluid in peripheral tissues
56
3 types of tonsils (5 technically)
- pharyngeal (adenoids) - palatine (2) (these get removed) - lingual (paired at base but comes to 1)
57
tonsillectomy =
surgical removal of (typically palatine) tonsils
58
adenoidectomy =
surgical removal of pharyngeal tonsils
59
spleen: 1. removes abnormal __ 2. stores __ from recycled RBCs 3. initiate immune responses by __ and __ cells
1. RBC/WBC 2. iron 3. B and T
60
the thymus is responsible for ...
children developing their immunity adults don't need it because they already have an immunity
61
GALT = 1. immune response within __
gut associated lymphoid tissue 1. GI tract

Anatomy Exam 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions