Lecture 26: Pelvic Cavity & Male Repro

Question 1

pelvic girdle =

Answer 1

ilium, ischium, pubis, sacrum, coccyx

Question 2

false pelvis __ pubic brim

Answer 2

above
bowel, full bladder, pregnant uterus

Question 3

true pelvis __ pubic brim
- muscular floor =
- contents =

Answer 3

below
= pelvic diaphragm
= colon/rectum, bladder, vagina/uterus

Question 4

pelvic blood vessels are

Answer 4

external iliac arteries
internal iliac arteries
gonadal arteries

Question 5

what arteries DO NOT supply the pelvic content

Answer 5

external iliac arteries

Question 6

___ iliac arteries - considerable branching
- ___ branches to bladder, uterus, vagina, rectum
- internal ___ arteries

Answer 6

internal
- visceral
- pudendal

Question 7

gonadal arteries:
1. ___/___ arteries (branches from ___)
2. dragged into ___ by their respective gonads

Answer 7

1. testicular/ovarian (aorta)
2. pelvis

Question 8

hemorrhoids are formed after prolonged pressure on ___
examples

Answer 8

rectal walls
(ex. pregnancy, constipation)

Question 9

pelvic diaphragm is on

Answer 9

the floor of the pelvis

Question 10

pelvic diaphragm includes and stabilizes GI/UG external sphincters such as:

Answer 10

external urethral sphincter = urination
external anal sphincter = defecation
vaginal sphincter

Question 11

prolapse of pelvic content
1. pelvic floor easily injured @ ___
2. prolapsed ___ (in men and women)
3. prolapsed ___ (multiple childbirths)

Answer 11

1. childbirth
2. rectum
3. uterus

Question 12

Kegel exercises ___

Answer 12

tone pelvic floor muscles, relieves many urinary difficulties, eases birthing process, and speeds recovery

Question 13

pelvic nerves
1. somatic motor
a. ___ the pelvic floor

2. somatic sensory
   a. cervix and ___, __ of perineum and external genitalia
3. pelvic parasympathetic nerve
   a. peristalsis = descending colon > ___
   b. dilation of blood vessels in __ tissues
4. sacral sympathetic n.s
   a. reduces peristalsis and contract __ urethral sphincter
   b. initiate ___, reflexive contraction of pelvic floor

Answer 13

1a. contraction

2a. vagina, skin

3a. rectum
3b. erectile

4a. internal
4b. ejaculation

Question 14

what is the space external to (below) pelvic diaphragm
and location of external genitalia

Answer 14

perineum

Question 15

sexual reproduction requires:

Answer 15

meiosis & fertilization

Question 16

meiosis = formation of

Answer 16

haploid cells (gametes)

Question 17

male gonads =
female gonads =

Answer 17

testis
ovaries

Question 18

inguinal canal (paired)
1. passage that passes obliquely through the lower ___ wall
2. supported by ligaments and ___
3. contents __ in males, __ in females

Answer 18

1. abdominal
2. muscles
3. spermatic, round ligament

Question 19

inguinal herniation:
1. indirect = intestine extrude out through the ___
2. direct = intestines push directly though the ___ wall

Answer 19

canal
abdominal

Question 20

what is tunica albuginea

Answer 20

connective tissue surrounds and supports testis

Question 21

seminiferous tubules produce

Answer 21

sperm and testosterone

Question 22

what does the epididymis do

Answer 22

• stores spermatozoa and facilitates maturation
• recycles damaged/unused spermatozoa

Question 23

what carries maturing sperm to ejaculatory duct

Answer 23

vas (ductus) deferens

Question 24

vasectomy =
and what does it prevent

Answer 24

transection of the vas deferens
prevents sperm from becoming part of the ejaculate

Question 25

castration =

Answer 25

removal of testicles and sometimes the penis

Question 26

testicular cancer is __ of the testicles

Answer 26

neoplasm

Question 27

testicular cancer is easy to identify and treated by

Answer 27

removing testicle

Question 28

seminal vesicle: 1. liquifies ___ (60% of the seminal volume) 2. secretes __ to keep sperm alive 3. semen is passed into the ___ duct

Answer 28

1. semen 2. fructose 3. ejaculatory

Question 29

prostate gland: 1. liquifies __ (30% of the seminal volume) 2. counteracts the acidity of the ___ 3. exists as the ___ glands in females

Answer 29

1. semen 2. vagina 3. paraurethral

Question 30

prostate hyperplasia (hypertrophy): 1. enlarged prostate distorts/stretches floor of __ 2. __ feels full but cannot be fully emptied 3. infection of static urine spreads into __ tract 4. 60% chance in __-__ year olds 5. 95% chance in ___ old and up

Answer 30

1. bladder 2. bladder 3. urinary 4. 40-60 5. 70+

Question 31

carcinoma of the prostate gland (hypertrophy/enlargement) 1. ___ procedure = trans-urethral resection of prostate

Answer 31

TURP

Question 32

bulbourethral gland: 1. alkaline lubricative fluid, __% of the seminal volume

Answer 32

5

Question 33

semen is a combination of mature sperm and fluids from the ? ? ?

Answer 33

prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral gland

Question 34

seminal fluid has 20-100 ___ sperm per ml total = 20-500 ___ sperm per ejaculate

Answer 34

20-1000 million 20-500 million

Question 35

seminal fluid pH is

Answer 35

7.2-7.8

Question 36

corpora cavernosa (2): 1. paired hemotumescent bodies - __ of penis 2. each corpus attached to the __ via the crus 3. ischiocavernosus m. surrounds each crus

Answer 36

1. dorsum 2. pubis

Question 37

corpus spongiosum: 1. single hemotumescent strucure - __ of penis 2. expanded bulb at __ end, terminates at __ 3. penile urethra perforates both the __ and ___ 4. ___ muscle surrounds bulb and corpus 5. contraction helps expel urine/semen from __

Answer 37

1. dorsum 2. proximal, glans 3. bulb and glans 4. bulbospongiosus 5. urethra

Question 38

___ binds corpora and their muscles together

Answer 38

deep fascia

Question 39

prepuce = extends over __

Answer 39

foreskin glans

Question 40

male circumcision =

Answer 40

removal of foreskin