Lecture 3 - Part 3 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are functional foods?
similar in appearance to, or may be, a conventional food, consumed as part of a usual diet, which is demonstrated to have physiological benefits or to reduce the risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions
What is a nutraceutical?
a product isolated or purified from foods that is generally sold in medicinal forms not usually associated with food. A nutraceutical is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease
How are nutraceuticals used?
Used commonly around the world but there is no consensus on their meaning
What is a NHP?
Natural health products
dietary supplements are referred to as NHPs and are defined as:
•Probiotics
•Herbal remedies
•Vitamins and minerals
•Homeopathic medicines
•Traditional medicines such as traditional Chinese medicines
•Other products like amino acids and essential fatty acids
Who is more likely to use NHP?
◦ Female, middle aged
◦ More educated
◦ More than 1 medical condition
-Can be affected by stages of the life cycle
How many people in Canada regularly take NHP?
70%
How many NHP are licensed in canada?
20 000+
What are NHPs used?
‘safe’ and ‘natural’ (common misconception)
General health
Disease prevention
Treating/delaying progression of disease
Often selected without guidance from a health professional
To be legally sold in Canada, what do all NHPs need to have?
must have a product license, and those who manufacture, package, label and import these products must have a site license
specific labelling and packaging requirements must be met, good manufacturing practices (GMPs) must be followed, and evidence of safety and efficacy must be provided
Once approved a 8 digit Natural product number (NPN) or home pathic medicine number (DIN-HM).
What are safety concerns of NHPs?
Adverse effects/reactions
Interaction
◦ NHP-drug ◦ NHP-NHP
Contaminants/Impurities
Adulteration
Ingredients
Consumer misuse
Manufacturing error
What must safety and efficacy of NHPs be supported by?
Health claims need to be supported by evidence
-type and amount of evidence required depends on the proposed health claim and its overall risk
What is traditional use of NHP?
◦ Used for 50+ years
◦ Support from at least 2 different references
What is non-traditional use?
◦ Requires more rigorous scientific evidence
◦ Source: clinical studies, textbooks, peer-reviewed articles, authority reports, expert opinion reports
◦ Evidence is graded (ie RCT = greatest strength)
