lecture 3 pneumonia and TB unfinished

Question 1

defence mechanism secretion

Answer 1

IgA

Question 2

most common antibody in the airways

Answer 2

IgA

Question 3

how does IgA work in the airways

Answer 3

stops pathogens binding to the epithelium

Question 4

how do IgG and IgM get to the airways

Answer 4

blood vessels

Question 5

what does the IgG and IgM do

Answer 5

activates the compliment

Question 6

commensalism

Answer 6

when one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Question 7

Opportunistic infections

Answer 7

act on the immunocompramised

Question 8

Bronchitis affects

Answer 8

the tracheobronchial tree

Question 9

when do you get peaks of Bronchitis

Answer 9

winter

Question 10

Bronchitis symptoms

Answer 10

cough
wheeze
SOB

Question 11

what is Bronchitis usually caused by

Answer 11

virus

Question 12

what are the common viruses that cause Bronchitis

Answer 12

influenza, adenovirus and rhinovirus

Question 13

out of blood test, spirometry and chest Xray which is most likely to be abnormal bronchitis

Answer 13

spirometry

Question 14

what results would you get with spirometry with bronchitis

Answer 14

obstructive - inflammation

Question 15

management of bronchitis

Answer 15

bronchodilators - salbutamol

possibly steroids

Question 16

what is salbutamol

Answer 16

short acting beta 2 agonist

Question 17

typical pneumonia bacteria

Answer 17

S pneumoniae, H influenzae and M catarrhalis

Question 18

what do the typicla pneumonia bacteria respond to

Answer 18

beta lactams

Question 19

name some beta lactams

Answer 19

penicillin

cephlasporin

Question 20

atypical pneumonia bacteria

Answer 20

legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma and chlamydia

Question 21

what drugs do you give for atypical pneumonia

Answer 21

macrolides or quinolones

Question 22

when would you get pleuritic chest pain with pneumonia

Answer 22

if the pleura become inflammed

Question 23

clinical signs of pneumonia

Answer 23

crackles
reduced breath sounds
bronchial breathing

Question 24

what would you find raised in pneumonia

Answer 24

inflammatory markers e.g. white cells and C reactive protein

Question 25

if it is hospital aqcuired pneumonia what is the most likely cause

Answer 25

gram neg

Question 26

what would you find on ECG of pneumonia

Answer 26

AF | sinus tachycardia

Question 27

what would you see on imaging in pneumonia

Answer 27

consolidation

Question 28

what is used for predicting mortality in pneumonia

Answer 28

CURB 65

Question 29

what is the CURB65

Answer 29

``` confusion urea resp rate blood pressure +65 ```

Question 30

treatments for pneumonia

Answer 30

amoxicillin if low CURB65 | amoxicillin and clarithromyocin if high CURB65