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Principles of Sociology > Lecture 3: Socializing > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Socializing Flashcards

1
Q

Cooley

A

Set symbolic interactionism in place, came with concept “looking-glass self”

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2
Q

self

A

set of ideas and attitudes about who you are as an independent person
1. form sense of self as results of continued social interaction

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3
Q

looking glass self

A

“I am not what I THINK I am”
“I am not what YOU THINK I am”
“I am what I THINK that YOU THINK I am”

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4
Q

flexible self

A
  1. development of a life-long process
  2. leaving and taking on roles
  3. Anticipatory socialization
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5
Q

globalization: flexible self

A

combined elements from variety of historical periods and geographic settings

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6
Q

growing ability: fashion new bodies from old

A
  1. body-building/aerobic exercise/weight reduction
  2. sex-affirming operations
  3. plastic surgery
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7
Q

Mead

A

One founder of symbolic interactionism, had same thoughts as Weber

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8
Q

Meads’ stages of development

A
  1. learn language through symbols
  2. pretend play
  3. complex games, taking roles of others
  4. generalization
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9
Q

Gilligan

A

how social positions affect socialization and social factors explain how girls and boys are raised differently

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10
Q

Goofman

A

Developed dramatical approach to sociology. Includes social life like a play, with defined roles and props, front and backstage

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11
Q

Goofman’s Dramatical Analysis

A
  1. people present themselves to look best
  2. constantly engaged in role-play
    – public vs true selves
    – not aware of role-playing
  3. roleplay is gov. by norms
    – impression management
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12
Q

Impression management

A

try and place ourselves in best light possible

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13
Q

Socialization

A
  1. process which people learn to function in their culture
  2. entering and disengaging from a series of roles
  3. becoming aware of themselves as they interact with others
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14
Q

socialization rule 1 facts

A
  1. ant environment, person acts on basis of existing personal characteristics and interests
  2. environment more or less cooperatively responds
  3. environmental responses shapes the individuals conduct
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15
Q

Agents of socialization

A

families, schools, peer groups, mass media, gender roles

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16
Q

gender roles

A

set behaviours associated with widely shared expectations regarding how you’re supposed to act depending on your gender

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17
Q

what are the individuals conduct?

A
  1. reinforcing existing patterns (cooperation)
  2. encouraging change (resistance)
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18
Q

Primary socialization

A

attributing basic skills needed to function in society in childhood

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19
Q

secondary socialization

A

socialization outside of family (school system, peers, mass media)

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20
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

expectation that helps to cause what it predicts

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21
Q

Peer groups

A

not friends, but of similar status and age

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22
Q

status

A

Recognized Social Position that a person can have

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23
Q

conflicts that exist between status

A
  1. values promoted by family
  2. values promoted by adolescent peer group
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24
Q

Feminist theory

A

conviction that gender equality is due to consequences of power and social conventions, rather than biological necessity. The patriarchy

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25
Q

Symbolic interactionism

A

thought that examines how various aspects of social life covey meaning, assess or impede communication

26
Q

symbolic interactionists view

A
  1. socialization is a creative process
  2. bound by inherent biology (psychological traits)
27
Q

Resocialization

A

powerful socializing agents deliberately cause rapid change in peoples’ values, roles, and self-conception (sometimes against their will)

28
Q

what accompanies resocialization?

A
  1. ceremony
  2. initiation rite
29
Q

Initiation rite

A

transitions of individual with one group or another, and ensures’ persons loyalty to group

30
Q

Total Institutions

A

settings which people are isolated from larger societies, under strict control and supervision

31
Q

Flexible self

A

development of a life-long process, throughout life a person enters and leaves behind many roles

32
Q

social interaction

A

involved communication among other people, acting and reacting to one another

33
Q

role

A

set of expected behaviour

34
Q

conflict

A

3 or more roles/countless expectations on us that countlessly conflict with each other

35
Q

role strain

A

pressure in jobs/organizations regarding workload

36
Q

role distancing

A

occurs when roles aligned are not taken with our values (may seem embarrassing or beneath us)

37
Q

status cues

A

visual indicators of a person’s social position

38
Q

networks

A

set units linked by exchange to of material or emotional resources

39
Q

social groups

A

group of one or more network of people with one-another and adhere to norms, roles and statuses

40
Q

group think

A

group pressure to conform

41
Q

bystander apathy

A

people observe someone in an emergency but do not offer to help

42
Q

primary social group

A

norms, roles are agreed on but not put into writing

43
Q

secondary social group

A

larger, more interpersonal than primary

44
Q

Emotional management

A

act of “feeling rules” and responding appropriately to situations

45
Q

how do we manage emotions?

A
  1. external stimulus
  2. physiological response
  3. cultural script
  4. modified emotional response
46
Q

emotional labour

A

emotional management that people do as their job

47
Q

civilization differences criteria

A
  1. emergence of childhood and adolescence
  2. increase in lifespan
48
Q

victorian era civilization

A

“child-as-labour”

49
Q

current era civilization

A

“child-as-sacred”

50
Q

how will prolonged childhoods be possible in wealthier countries?

A

improved access to
1. nutrition
2. healthcare
3. education

51
Q

age cohort

A

category of people born in same range of years

52
Q

age roles

A

patterns of behaviour expected id people in different cohorts

53
Q

generation

A
  1. special type of age cohort
  2. compromises members of an age cohort who have a unique and formative exp. during youth
  3. collective identity
  4. form together during rapid social change
54
Q

what are the generations?

A
  1. greatest generation (1900-1928)
  2. silent generation
    (1928-1945)
  3. baby boomers
    (1946-1964)
  4. generation X
    (1965-1980)
  5. Millennials
    (1981-1996)
  6. Gen Z
    (1997-early 2010s)
55
Q

life course

A
  1. stages of life from birth to death
  2. predictable pattern of age-graded roles + responsibilities
  3. organized by society
56
Q

rites of passage

A

rituals that signify the transition from one life stage to the next

57
Q

functions and conflicts

A
  1. evaluation of the school system
  2. hidden curriculum teachings
58
Q

what are the hidden curriculum teaches?

A
  1. Punctuality
  2. respect for authority
  3. importance of competition in leading to excellent performance
59
Q

“situations we define as real become real in their consequences”

A

thomas thorem

60
Q

self-fulfilling prophecy

A

expectation that helps cause what it predicts

61
Q

Adler and Adler (1988)

A

Hierarchies arranged:
1. classes
2. race
3. family wealth
4. athletic ability
5. attractiveness

62
Q

virtual communities

A

associations of people scattered across the world, who communicate via computer about subjects of common interest

Principles of Sociology (13 decks)

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