Lecture 5: Deviance and Crime

Question 1

What norms are there?

Answer 1

1. Folkways
2. More (More-at)
3. Taboo

Question 2

What is a folkway?

Answer 2

Least severe of punishment when rule is violated

Question 3

More (More-at)

Answer 3

core norm that most people is essential for societies/group survival

Question 4

Taboo

Answer 4

strongest type of norm, harsh punishment when broken (aka revulsion)

Question 5

Deviance criteria in breaking a norm

Answer 5

1. time/place/culture-specific
2. reflects power (not always)
3. does NOT mean devious/bad/wrong

Question 6

Harmless/no sanction criteria

Answer 6

1. Informal
2. Enforced through shaming, communal pressure

Question 7

Severe punishment criteria

Answer 7

1. formal
2. enforced by laws

Question 8

deviance that warrants negative sanctions criteria

Answer 8

1. actions indicating disapproval
2. informal punishments
3. stigmatization

Question 9

sanctions

Answer 9

1. no-one noticing
2. blaming someone else (scapegoat)
3. glares + looks of disapproval
4. butt of jokes

Question 10

since deviant & criminal roles are learned …

Answer 10

actions of deviant + responses of others

Question 11

labelling theory

Answer 11

our actions + responses from others

Question 12

label meaning

Answer 12

judgements that we’re constantly and mutually recreating

Question 13

stigma

Answer 13

type of negative label that has “gone toxic”

Question 14

primary deviant

Answer 14

sense of deviance doesn’t negatively impact identity of sense of self

Question 15

secondary deviant

Answer 15

1. becomes part of identity and self worth
2. manifest sense of shame/guilt/self-loathing/self-harm

Question 16

deviance that goes against the law

Answer 16

1. enforce by gov. bodies
2. time/place/culture-specific
3. reflect power
4. followed by formal punishment in judicial system

Question 17

concepts of crime and deviance (hogan)

Answer 17

(norm violations differentiated according to seriousness)
1. how harmful act was
2. agreement of how wrong action was
3. severity of punishment imposed on behaviour

Question 18

moral panic

Answer 18

widespread fear that occurs when many people believe that a form of deviance or crime threatens society’s safety

Question 19

who benefits from moral panic?

Answer 19

1. mass media
2. crime prevention and punishment
3. criminal justice system
4. politics

Question 20

deviance: functionalist

Answer 20

deviance and crime are opportunities to establish 1. societal values
2. moral boundaries
3. increase social solidarity
4. allow for useful social change

Question 21

dysfunctions: functionalist

Answer 21

insufficient opp. for success;
1. lead to strain results
2. find alternative + legit means of achieving goal

Question 22

control theory

Answer 22

everyone would engage in deviance and crime if they knew they could get away with it

Question 23

types of control

Answer 23

1. attachment
2. commitment
3. values and beliefs
4. activities

Question 24

criteria of control theory

Answer 24

1. set of ties bind young people to conventional world
2. when ties are weak – deviance and crime occur

Question 25

who created control theory?

Answer 25

Travis Hirschi

Question 26

types of crimes

Answer 26

1. street crime 2. white-collar

Question 27

Types of street crime

Answer 27

1. robbery 2. theft

Question 28

what is robbery?

Answer 28

theft of property from another person through us of 1. threat 2. force 3. intimidation do crime bc of said things above

Question 29

what is theft?

Answer 29

1. involves use of force 2. punished severely bc life is in jeopardy 3. the amount of force used & not value items determine level of punishment

Question 30

difference between robbery and theft

Answer 30

robbery is considered property crime theft is when force is used

Question 31

white collar crime criteria

Answer 31

involves people from privileged background

Question 32

Edwin Sutherland definition of white-collared

Answer 32

1. "crime committed by a person of respectability + high status in course of occupation" 2. crime committed on behalf of corporations

Question 33

present definition of white-collared crime criteria

Answer 33

1. includes all individuals 2. middle class use market place for criminal activity, not just wealthy and powerful to commit crimes 3. tax evasion and credit card fraud

Question 34

feminist perspective and crime facts

Answer 34

1. males more inclined in to crime and deviance (especially violent) 2. deviant activities start earlier then later 3. women and girls are becoming more violent (in gang activity) and is a growing problem

Question 35

criteria of being a serial killer

Answer 35

2 or more victims over a long operate period of time

Question 36

mass murder

Answer 36

large amount of death in small amount of time

Question 37

characteristics of serial killers

Answer 37

1. long history of violence in beginning of childhood 2. maintain superficial relationships 3. have trouble relating to the opposite sex

Question 38

possible factors in being a serial killers

Answer 38

1. mental illness 2. sexual frustration 3. neurological damage 4. childhood abuse and neglect 5. smothering relationships with mothers (sometimes fathers) 6. childhood anxiety

Question 39

how do sociologists view serial killers

Answer 39

1. as sociopaths 2. early childhood demonstrate bizarre behaviour (torturing animals, immune to victims suffering, enjoy media spotlight)

Question 40

gender and crime: analysist

Answer 40

1. female crime can be explained by concepts and theories used to explain male wrong-doings 2. feminist ideas are more likely to argue for gender-specific theories (crime and deviance)

Question 41

race and crime: analysis

Answer 41

controversial correlation 1. indigenous people and blacks are over-represented in prison

Question 42

overrepresentation explanation

Answer 42

1. racial bias 2. greater criminal activity 3. racial profiling (police officers of particular racial or ethnic groups)

Question 43

punishment recall

Answer 43

1.sanctions (negative, formal, and informal punishment) 2. deviance is

Question 44

Diversion: Redefining police services

Answer 44

1. defunding =/ abolish 2. defunding (divert funds from police budgets into social services) 3. police are not trained in crisis care and shouldn't be expected to lead tis important work