Lecture 4 - Tissues

Question 1

4 types of Tissues

Answer 1

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Neural

Question 2

2 types of Epithelial tissue layers

Answer 2

Simple
Stratified

Question 3

4 types of Epithelial tissue shapes

Answer 3

Squamous
Cubodial
Columnar
Transitional

Question 4

6 Parts of Epithelial Cells

Answer 4

Cilia
Microvilli
Apical Surface
Cell Junction
Basement Membrane
Basal Surface

Question 5

Squamous Definition

Answer 5

Squashed cells

Question 6

Simple Tissue Definition

Answer 6

1 layer thick

Question 7

Stratified Tissue Definition

Answer 7

Multiple layers thick

Question 8

2 types of Squamous Epithelia Tissue

Answer 8

Simple Squamous Epithelium
Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Question 9

2 Examples of Simple Squamous Epithelium

Answer 9

Blood Vessel and Alveoli Walls

Question 10

Examples of Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Answer 10

Skin

Question 11

2 Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelium

Answer 11

Reduces friction
Surface of absorption and secretion

Question 12

Function of Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Answer 12

Physical Protection against Abrasion, Pathogens and Chemical attack

Question 13

2 types of Cuboidal Epithelia Tissue

Answer 13

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 14

2 Examples of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 14

Glands
Ducts

Question 15

Example of Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 15

Lining of some ducts

Question 16

3 Functions of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 16

Limited Protection
Secretion
Absorption

Question 17

3 Functions of Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 17

Protection
Secretion
Absorption

Question 18

Example of Transitional Epithelium

Answer 18

Urinary Bladder (UB can change volume)

Question 19

Function of Transitional Epithelium

Answer 19

Permits expansion and relaxation

Question 20

3 types of Columnar Epithelia Tissue

Answer 20

Simple Columnar Epithelium
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 21

Example of Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 21

Lining of stomach/intestines

Question 22

Example of Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Answer 22

Lining of nasal cavity/trachea/bronchi

Question 23

Example of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Answer 23

Areas of the Pharynx

Question 24

Functions of Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 24

Protection
Secretion
Absorption

Question 25

Functions of Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Answer 25

Protection Secretion Move mucus with cilia

Question 26

Functions of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Answer 26

Protection

Question 27

Definition of Pseudostratified

Answer 27

Not clear layers

Question 28

5 Types of Simple Exocrine Glands

Answer 28

Simple Tubular Simple Coiled Tubular Simple Branch Tubular Simple Alveolar (Acinar) Simple Branched Alveolar

Question 29

3 Types of Compound Exocrine Glands

Answer 29

Compound Tubular Compound Alveolar (Acinar) Compound Tubuloalveolar

Question 30

Difference between Simple and Compound Glands

Answer 30

Simple = One Gland Compound = Multiple Gland

Question 31

3 modes of Glandular Secretion

Answer 31

Merocrine Apocrine Holocrine

Question 32

Mode of Merocrine Secretion

Answer 32

Vesicles are discharged

Question 33

Mode of Apocrine Secretion

Answer 33

Substance gathers at top of cell Portion of cytoplasm shed

Question 34

Mode of Holocrine Secretion

Answer 34

Whole cell bursts - cells must be replaced

Question 35

Definition of fibroblast

Answer 35

Cell producing fibres - e.g. collagen

Question 36

Definition of Adipocyte

Answer 36

Fat cell

Question 37

Components of Connective Tissue

Answer 37

Cells - e.g. fibroblasts, adipocytes Fibres Ground Substance

Question 38

3 Types of Fibre in Connective Tissue

Answer 38

Collagen Reticular Elastic

Question 39

Components of Ground Substance

Answer 39

Blood/Lymph Cartilage Bone

Question 40

Definition of ground substance

Answer 40

Gel-like substance in extracellular space containing components of Extracellular Matrix

Question 41

3 types of blood cells in ground substance

Answer 41

Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets

Question 42

2 types of Loose Connective Tissues

Answer 42

Adipose Tissue Reticular Tissue

Question 43

4 Examples of Adipose Tissue

Answer 43

Buttocks Breasts Padding around eyes Padding around kidney

Question 44

5 Examples of Reticular Tissue

Answer 44

Liver Kidney Spleen Lymph Nodes Bone Marrow

Question 45

3 Functions of Adipose Tissue

Answer 45

Provides padding Insulation Energy Storage

Question 46

Function of Reticular Tissue

Answer 46

Provides supporting framework

Question 47

3 types of Dense Connective Tissue

Answer 47

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Elastic Tissue

Question 48

2 Examples of Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Answer 48

Tendons Ligaments

Question 49

4 Examples of Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Answer 49

Visceral Organ Capsules Periostea/Perichondria Nerve/Muscle Sheaths Dermis

Question 50

2 Examples of Elastic Tissue

Answer 50

Ligamentum Flavum/Nuchae Blood Vessel Walls

Question 51

3 Functions of Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Answer 51

Firm attachment Muscle Pull Bone Stabilization

Question 52

2 Functions of Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Answer 52

Helps resist multidirectional force Helps prevents overexpansion of organs

Question 53

3 Functions of Elastic Tissue

Answer 53

Stabilization Cushions shock Permits expansion/contraction

Question 54

3 Types of Cartilage

Answer 54

Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage

Question 55

3 Examples of Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 55

Between rib tips and bones of sternum Covers bone surfaces at synovial joints Forms part of nasal septum

Question 56

2 Examples of Elastic Cartilage

Answer 56

Auricle of external ear Epiglottis (flap between tongue and throat)

Question 57

2 Examples of Fibrocartilage

Answer 57

Pads between knee joints Intervertebral discs

Question 58

2 Functions of Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 58

Provides support Reduces friction between bony structures

Question 59

2 Functions of Elastic Cartilage

Answer 59

Provides support Tolerates distortion

Question 60

3 Functions of Fibrocartilage

Answer 60

Resists compression Prevents bone to bone contact Limits movement

Question 61

Osteon Definition

Answer 61

Cylindrical system in bone tissue

Question 62

Components of Osteons

Answer 62

Canaliculi Osteocytes Matrix Central Canal Blood Vessels Periosteum

Question 63

2 Layers of the Periosteum

Answer 63

Fibrous Layer Cellular Layer

Question 64

3 layers of Fasciae

Answer 64

Superficial Fascia Deep Fascia Subserous Fascia

Question 65

Tissues in Superficial Fascia

Answer 65

Areolar Tissue Adipose Tissue

Question 66

Tissues in Deep Fascia

Answer 66

Dense Connective Tissue

Question 67

Tissues in Subserous Fascia

Answer 67

Areolar Tissue

Question 68

3 types of Muscle Tissues

Answer 68

Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle

Question 69

Muscle Tissue under voluntary control

Answer 69

Skeletal Muscle

Question 70

Muscle Tissue under involuntary control

Answer 70

Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle