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Histology Exam 2 > Lecture 5: Ear > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the outer ear?

A

Receives sound waves

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2
Q

What is the function of the middle ear?

A

Transmits sound waves from tympanic membrane to inner ear

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3
Q

The inner ear contains _______ organs.

A

sensorineural

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4
Q

What are the structures that make up the outer ear? (3)

A
  • Auricle or pinna
  • External auditory meatus
  • Tympanic membrane = eardrum
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5
Q

What structures make up the middle ear? (4)

A
  • Tympanic cavity
  • Auditory or Eustachian tube
  • Auditory ossicles = malleus, incus, stapes
  • Oval and round windows
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6
Q

What structures make up the bony labyrinth of the inner ear? (3)

A
  • Vestibule
  • Semicircular canals (3)
  • Cochlea
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7
Q

What structures make up the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear? (4)

A
  • Utricle
  • Saccule
  • Semicircular ducts
  • Cochlear ducts
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8
Q

The auricle is covered by skin that contains _____ cartilage.

A

elastic

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9
Q

The external auditory meatus contains what type of glands?

A

ceruminous glands

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10
Q

What type of epithelium lines the tympanic cavity?

A

(endoderm-derived) simple squamous epithelium

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11
Q

Which structures does the auditory/eustachian tube connect?

A

connects tympanic cavity to nasopharynx

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12
Q

What type of epithelium lines the auditory/eustachian tube?

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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13
Q

What two small thin membranes separate the middle and inner ear?

A

oval and round windows

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14
Q

The middle ear contains what two small muscles?

A

stapedius and tensor

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15
Q

What structure do the stapes push?

A

oval window

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16
Q

What structure pushes the malleus?

A

tympanic membrane

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17
Q

Which structure of the inner ear contains perilymph fluid?

A

bony labyrinth

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18
Q

Which structure of the inner ear contains endolymph fluid?

A

membranous labyrinth

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19
Q

What are stereocilia called on the receptors of the inner ear?

A

hair cells

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20
Q

All 3 receptors of the inner ear have a ______ ______ system.

A

sensorineural transduction

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21
Q

What occurs when stereocilia hyperpolarize?

A

release more neurotransmitter

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22
Q

What occurs when stereocilia depolarize?

A

release less neurotransmitter

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23
Q

The Organ of Corti has what type of membrane?

A

basilar

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24
Q

What is scala media? What is its function?

A
  • cochlear duct that contains the cochlea
  • Converts vibrations in the perilymph (in scala vestibuli) to the cochlear duct’s endolypmh = sets a vibration in the basilar membrane = results in movement in hair cells and then nerve impulses
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25
What is the result of displacement of stereocilia?
results in action potential to the cochlear duct
26
What is the result of high frequency sounds?
displacement near the base of the basilar membrane
27
What is the result of low frequency sounds?
displacement at the apex of the basilar membrane
28
What does the internal ear fluid movement from vibration of the oval window cause?
vibrational wave in the basilar membrane leading to stimulation of the hair cells = nerve impulse
29
What is the function of the crista ampullaris?
sensor of angular motion/rotation
30
Where is maculae located?
in saccule and utricle
31
What is the function of the maculae?
gravity and linear acceleration
32
The octoconia and thus otolithic membrane are displaced during _______.
acceleration
33
Movement ____ the kinocilum opens channels. Movement ____ closes channels.
toward, away
34
What structure does the membranous labyrinth develop from?
otic vesicle
35
What structure does the outer ear develop from?
first pharyngeal groove
36
What structure does the middle ear develop from?
first pharyngeal pouch
37
What structure do the malleus and incus develop from?
cartilage of first pharyngeal arch
38
What structure do the stapes develop from?
second arch cartilage
39
What is #1?
Macula
40
What is #2?
Utricle with endolymph
41
What is #3?
Otoconia
42
What is #4?
Otolithic membrane
43
What is #5?
Hair cells
44
What is #1?
Scala vestibuli
45
What is #2?
Vestibular membrane
46
What is #3?
Tectorial membrane
47
What is #4?
Inner tunnel
48
What is #5?
Cochlear duct
49
What is #6?
Outer tunnel
50
What is #7?
Stria vascularis (decoy)
51
What is #8?
Spiral ligament
52
What is #9?
Inner spiral tunnel
53
What is #10?
Inner hair cell
54
What is #11?
Outer hair cell
55
What is #12?
Outer phalangeal
56
What is #13?
Basilar membrane
57
What is #14
Scala tympani
58
What is #1?
Utricle with endolymph
59
What is #2?
Crista ampularis
60
What is #1?
Ampula of semicircular canal with endolymph
61
What is #2?
Cupula
62
What is #3?
Hair cells
63
What is #4?
Crista ampullaris
64
What is #1?
Outer tunnel
65
What is #2?
Inner tunnel
66
What is #3?
Tectorial membrane
67
What is #4?
Basilar membrane
68
What is #5?
Outer phalangeal
69
What is #6?
Outer hair
70
What is #7?
Inner hair cell
71
What is #8?
Inner spiral tunnel
72
What is #1?
Ampula of semicircular canal with crista ampullaris
73
What is #2?
Utricle with macula
74
What is #1?
Cochlear duct
75
What is #2?
Organ of Corti
76
What is #3?
Scala tympani
77
What is #4?
Scala vestibuli
78
What is #5?
Spiral ganglia
79
1. Which of the following inner ear structures contain the macula? a. Cochlear duct b. Semicircular ducts c. Saccule of the vestibule d. Scala media
c. Saccule of the vestibule
80
2. Identify the following structure: a. Organ of corti b. Basilar membrane c. Tectorial membrane d. Reissner’s membrane
c. Tectorial membrane
81
3. The cochlea is divided into 3 chambers, which chamber contains the organ of corti? a. Scala media b. Scala vestibuli c. Scala tympani d. Vestibular duct
a. Scala media
82
4. The sensory hair cells of the crista ampullaris are responsible for: a. Linear acceleration b. Low pitch frequencies c. Angular acceleration d. High pitch frequencies
c. Angular acceleration
83
5. Where is the cochlear duct located and which type of fluid does it contain? a. Cochlea; perilymph b. Scala tympani; endolymph c. Cochlea; endolymph d. Scala media; perilymph
c. Cochlea; endolymph

Histology Exam 2 (8 decks)

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