Lecture 6

Question 1

how many cervical vertebra are there

Answer 1

7

Question 2

how many thoracic vertebra are there

Answer 2

12

Question 3

how many lumbar vertebra are there

Answer 3

5

Question 4

how many fused sacrum vertebra are there

Answer 4

5

Question 5

how many coccyx vertebra are there

Answer 5

4

Question 6

what are the 2 types of abnormal spinal curvatures

Answer 6

kyphosis

scoliosis

Question 7

what plane is kyphosis in

Answer 7

sagittal plane

hunchback

Question 8

what plane is scoliosis in

Answer 8

coronal (frontal) plane

side to side

Question 9

what types of scoliosis is there and what do the associate with

Answer 9

osteopathic scoliosis = curvature due to BONE disease (one side of bones is fused together while the other side has too big of spaces)

myopathic scoliosis = curvature due to MUSCLE weakness

paralytic scoliosis = curvature due to muscle paralysis (also considered myopathic because one side is paralyzed and the other side has muscle issues)

Question 10

what are the normal curvatures of the spine

Answer 10

cervical

thoracic

lumbar

sacral

Question 11

how many non-fused vertebra does a normal person have?

Answer 11

24

7 C + 12 T + 5 L = 24

fused vertebra start at sacrum

Question 12

transverse foramina is only on what vertebra

Answer 12

cervical

Question 13

a body is on all vertebra but what
and why

Answer 13

C1 - Atlas

gave it to C2

Question 14

what vertebra has transverse costal facets

Answer 14

thoracic

Question 15

what vertebra has BIFID spinous processes

Answer 15

cervical

Question 16

between what bones allows you to nod YES?

Answer 16

occipital condyles and C1 - Atlas

Question 17

between what bones allows you to shake NO?

Answer 17

C1 - atlas & C2 - axis

Question 18

thoracic vertebra connect to how many ribs?

Answer 18

24

12 vertebra. and one has 2 sides (12x2)

Question 19

how many articular surfaces are found on T6?

Answer 19

12

Question 20

tubercle of rib articulates with what

Answer 20

transverse costal facet

Question 21

head of rib articulates with what

Answer 21

demi facet

Question 22

what are lumbar vertebrae for

Answer 22

to bear weight

Question 23

where are back problems usually at

Answer 23

lumbar vertebra

Question 24

where are neck problems usually at

Answer 24

cervical vertebra

Question 25

sacrum is foundation for what

Answer 25

pelvic girdle

Question 26

is the sacrum fused or non fused

Answer 26

fused

Question 27

sacral canal is formed by what

Answer 27

vertebral foramina

Question 28

what is the coccyx

Answer 28

tailbone

Question 29

what bones make the pelvic girdle

Answer 29

ilium ischium pubis

Question 30

what is the thoracic cage and what is it for

Answer 30

rib cage protection of heart lungs liver stomach

Question 31

how many pairs of ribs do we have

Answer 31

12

Question 32

how many total ribs does one have

Answer 32

24

Question 33

how many true ribs do we have

Answer 33

7

Question 34

how many false ribs do we have

Answer 34

5

Question 35

true ribs __ is directly connected to ___

Answer 35

1 manubrium

Question 36

true ribs ___ directly connect to ___

Answer 36

2-7 (6) body of sternum

Question 37

false ribs ___ INdirectly connect to ___

Answer 37

8-10 (3) sternum

Question 38

false ribs ___ are ___

Answer 38

11-12 (2) floating ribs

Question 39

what is the purpose of floating ribs

Answer 39

to protect kidneys

Question 40

what ligament prevents hyper extension (leaning backward)

Answer 40

anterior longitudinal ligament (the one from the front keeps from going back. opposite)

Question 41

what ligament prevents hyperflexion (leaning forward)

Answer 41

posterior longitudinal ligament (the one on the back keeps from going forward)

Question 42

what is made when fibrocartilage is between adjacent centra

Answer 42

intervertebral disc

Question 43

what ligament is located in the middle bottom of your head and what is its purpose

Answer 43

Nuchal ligament prevents the head from falling off stops at C7

Question 44

nucleus pulposus is surrounded by

Answer 44

annulus fibrosus

Question 45

in a slipped disc, rupture of ___ squeezes out of ___

Answer 45

nucleus pulposus anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments AND through annulus fibrosus

Question 46

compression of the cervical spinal nerves and blood vessels is a result of

Answer 46

whip lash

Question 47

what is osteophyte

Answer 47

when you age, and the nucleus pulposus loses water and that results in shrinking

Question 48

what is osteopenia

Answer 48

osteoblasts become less active and bone becomes thin/weak leads to osteoporosis happens with age

Question 49

what is osteoporosis

Answer 49

when bone mass decreased to the point where normal function is compromised can go wrong and causes problems

Question 50

what is the cause of supernumerary ribs

Answer 50

thoracalizarion of C7