Lecture 7 Attention

Question 1

Attention is a component of

Answer 1

Information processing

Question 2

Overt attention

Answer 2

If something else in the environment catches your attention. Overtly move eyes to look at it.

Question 3

Covert attention

Answer 3

Not paying full attention but still aware of it.

Question 4

Divided attention

Answer 4

Paying attention to more than one thing at a time

Question 5

Detection can be either

Answer 5

Spot light or object based attention

Question 6

What is spotlight attention?

Answer 6

Attention like a spotlight. Shine it on a particular area.

Question 7

In Object based attention you

Answer 7

Pay attention to a particular object not a particular area.

Question 8

Which one is right? Spotlight or object attention

Answer 8

Both

Question 9

Ppl tend to use spotlight for

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Static scenes with fewer objects

Question 10

When a scene is dynamic, moving objects and lots of dif focal objects ie David Attenborough then you would adopt

Answer 10

Object attention

Question 11

Selective attention is

Answer 11

How much of the incoming info you’re going to process.

Question 12

In early selection theory broadbent was responsible for the

Answer 12

Filter theory

Question 13

In early selection triesman was responsible for the

Answer 13

Attenuation theory

Question 14

Early selection filter model

Answer 14

Info processing occurs through stages

Question 15

4 Stages of the filter system

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1 sensory register
2 selective filter
3 perceptual processes
4 ST Memory

Question 16

Broadbents filter model was supported by the

Answer 16

Dichotomy listening tasks

Question 17

What is a dichotic listening task?

Answer 17

Headphones. 2 diff messages being spoken into each ear. Asked to repeat only one stream of info. Quizzed on how much info from unattended ear could be remembered.

Question 18

Cocktail party effect is when

Answer 18

Filtering model not necessarily complete (something’s being linked through). Ie having a convo at a party and hearing your name across the room

Question 19

Triesmans attenuation theory suggests that (leaky filter model)

Answer 19

Instead of blocking out stimuli, the filter weakens the strength of stimuli other than the target stimuli

Question 20

Attenuation means

Answer 20

Weakened

Question 21

Which is true early or late selection?

Answer 21

Both

Question 22

Both early and late selection happen under different conditions. What are examples of different conditions…

Answer 22

Type of task
Stimuli
Task load

Question 23

Early task selection might occur when

Answer 23

Task load is high. Need to pay full attention. Or when task is really interesting.

Question 24

Cog load refers to

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Amount of cog resources required to carry out a particular task. Easy task = low load. Etc

Question 25

Low cog load you need

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Extra cog resources to attend to irrelevant info

Question 26

What type of selection is low cog load

Answer 26

Late selection

Question 27

What type of selection Is high cog load?

Answer 27

Early selection

Question 28

High cog load you have less

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Cog resources to attend to irrelevant info

Question 29

Central capacity theory argues that

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We have a single cog load capacity that can be used flexibly. Strictly limited resources

Question 30

Multiple resource theory argues that we have

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Separate cog load capacities for visual and auditory modalities

Question 31

Multiple resource theory best for

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More simple tasks

Question 32

Central capacity theory best for more

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Complex tasks.

Question 33

Consistent mapping condition

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Target is always mapped on to a particular group of stimuli

Question 34

Variable mapping is

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When you have are looking for a different target than the previous trial but the previous target is also present in the present trial. Can be a distractor variable

Question 35

Varied mapping produce worse performance than

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Consistent mapping

Question 36

Controlled processing

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Having to pay close attention to search for target at all times. Automaticity never occurs

Question 37

Practice can only automatise

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Some tasks

Question 38

Tasks that have consistent mapping can achieve

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Automaticity

Question 39

Task that involve variable mapping can not be

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Automatised

Question 40

We can infer what we are attending to by tracking

Answer 40

Eye movements

Question 41

Saccade means

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Rapid shifts of the eyes

Question 42

Fixations are

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Short pauses on points of interest

Question 43

Complex schematic means ppl will

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Fixate on points that are salient/important. Saccade to one piece of info to combine with another piece of info

Question 44

Bottom up factors are also called

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Exogenous factors

Question 45

Exogenous factors are

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Within the environment. About the stimulus.

Question 46

Stimulus salience are features in the environment that

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Stand out from The background. Ie a stop sign

Question 47

Top down factors are also called

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Endogenous

Question 48

Endogenous factors

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Occur internally that guide our info search. Cog concerns etc

Question 49

Endogenous factors are what we

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Think a scene should contain (schemas)

Question 50

Parallel processing occurs when

Answer 50

You don't have too much cognitive load with a task so you could probably do another task at the same time

Question 51

Bottom up processing is very

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Feature driven processing

Question 52

In Conjunction searches ppl are forced to look for a target that has

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More than one key feature

Question 53

Serial processing means you have to

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Sort through one item at a time. No pop outs. In conjunction searches

Question 54

Where's wally is a type of ..............search

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Conjunction search

Question 55

Conjunction search involves

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Careful controlled searching