Lecture 9 Flashcards
(13 cards)
Krebs cycle order
Acetyl-CoA –> Citrate –> Isocitrate –> alpha-Ketoglutarate –> Succinyl-CoA –> Succinate –> Fumarate –> Malate –> Oxaloacetate –> beginning
Triacylglycerols or triglycerides
- Simplest lipids
- Stored in adipocytes
- 3 fatty acid chains, ester linked to a glycerol
- melting point determined by FA composition
- insoluble in water
Simple triacylglycerols
3 identical Fatty acid chains
Mixed triacylglycerols
2 or 3 different Fatty acid chains
Carboxylic Acids
-hyrdocarbon chains from 4-36 carbons long
-Different Forms
e.g. Full saturated (no double bonds)
unsaturated (one or more double bonds)
Cis fatty acid
hydrogens on the same side
Trans fatty acid
hydrogen bonds on opposite sides.
Fatty acid solubility in water
Longer - lower water solubility
More saturated- lower water solubility
Shorter- greater water solubility
more unsaturated- greater water solubility
Fatty Acid Melting Point
Longer- higher m.p.
More saturated- higher m.p.
Shorter - lower m.p.
More unsaturated - lower m.p.
Lipid Storage
Lipids are stored as lipid droplets in adipocytes
Mobilization of Triacylglycerols
- Hormone released triggered by low blood glucose
- Glucagon and epinephrine released into blood stream
- bindind of hormone to cell surface receptors triggers lipase activity
- Triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed to FA and glycerol
- FA released to blood stream and bind to albumin
- FA carried through blood stream to muscle tissues
- FA are oxidized in the mitochondria.
Where do fatty acids go?
FA are converted into Acetyl-CoA and then enter the Kreb’s cycle
Durving Starvation and Uncontrolled Diabetes (Fatty acids)
FA that are converted into Acetyl-CoA, instead of going into the Kreb’s cycle, are converted into Ketone Bodies.
