Lecture 9 - Physical Activity

Question 1

what is physical activity

Answer 1

any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure

Question 2

what are subjective measures of physical activity

Answer 2

• survey / questionnaire
• self report

Question 3

benefits to subjective measures of physical activity

Answer 3

can use them with lots of people

Question 4

problems to subjective measures of physical activity

Answer 4

under and over estimation

Question 5

types of objective measures of physical activity

Answer 5

pedometers

accelerometery

Question 6

what is a pedometer

Answer 6

step counter

Question 7

what is accelerometery basically

Answer 7

sophisticated version of an apple watch

Question 8

what are METs

Answer 8

the amount of metabolic equivalents required at rest

Question 9

what is sedentary behaviour considered to be in METs

Answer 9

<1.5 METs

Question 10

what is light PA in METs

Answer 10

1.5-3.5 METs

Question 11

what is moderate to vigorous PA in METs

Answer 11

> 3 METs

Question 12

the WHO guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behaviour include how many groups of people

Answer 12

7 groups

Question 13

what is recommendation 1 of WHO (adults should do at least …)

Answer 13

Adults should do at least 150–300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity; or at least 75–150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity ……….

Question 14

what is improved in adults do to physical activity

Answer 14

all cause mortality

cardiovascular disease mortality

incident hypertension

incident site specific cancers

mental health

cognitive health

sleep

Question 15

what is the relationship of all cause mortality and physical activity

Answer 15

inverse relationship

Question 16

what is recommendation 2 from WHO (adults should also do…..)

Answer 16

adults should also do muscle strengthening activities at moderate or greater intensity that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these provide additional health benefits

Question 17

what is the limitations to recommendation 2 from ministry of health

Answer 17

the general public may not know what this means

intensity is different for everyone

Question 18

physical inactivity is defined as

Answer 18

not doing at least 150 mins of moderate intensity, or 75 min of vigorous intensity physical activity per week, or any equivalent combination of the two

Question 19

what is the rate of insufficient physical activity in men in NZ

Answer 19

30-39%

Question 20

globally, what gender is less likely to meet the physical activity guidelines

Answer 20

females

Question 21

what is the rate of insufficient physical activity in women in NZ

Answer 21

40-49%

Question 22

what age group in NZ is physical inactivity a problem in

Answer 22

adolescents (11-17)

Question 23

initiatives used to increase physical activity

Answer 23

• jump jam
• required PE until year 10
• cross country and athletics
• weetbix triathlon
• walking school bus

Question 24

is physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour the same

Answer 24

NO

Question 25

how are physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour different

Answer 25

physical activity is not achieving the guidelines where is sedentary behaviour is energy expenditure <1.5 METS

Question 26

what is sedentary behaviour

Answer 26

any walking behaviour characterised by an energy expenditure <1.5 METs, while in a sitting reclining or lying position

Question 27

why was sedentary behaviour defined much more recently than sedentary behaviour

Answer 27

because it took a long time to make the distinction between sedentary and physical activity

Question 28

why is all cause mortality associated with watching TV

Answer 28

because TV viewing is associated with sedentary behaviour which is associated with greater risks of all cause mortality

Question 29

what is the association with CVD mortality and sedentary behaviour / tv viewing compared to all cause mortality

Answer 29

generally stronger association than all cause mortality

Question 30

in observational studies, increased breaks in sedentary time have been associated with ....

Answer 30

- improved measures of body composition - improved postprandial plasma triglyceride and glucose responses

Question 31

it is suggested that interrupting sitting down controls .... better which ...

Answer 31

controls glucose better which decreases risk of diabetes

Question 32

what is recommendation 3 from WHO (adults should limit ...)

Answer 32

adults should limit the amount of time spent being sedentary replacing sedentary time with physical activity of any intensity (including light intensity) provides health benefits

Question 33

are the NZ physical activity guidelines similar to the WHO guidelines

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

in the sundial study what % of participants met the PA guidelines

Answer 34

24%