Lecture three Flashcards
What are the two major regulatory systems in the body
Nervous system and endocrine system
Which system responds faster?
Nervous system
The chemical substances and electronic impulses that make up the rapid process that stimuli is received by the nervous system is?
Neurotransmitters
How long is the response of endocrine system and what does it regulate?
It responds with in minutes, hours, or days. It regulated ion levels in the body, metabolic processes and long-term processes such as growth and reproductive ability.
What are the two major type if cells in the nervous system?
Neurons and supporting cells
What are the two important properties that neurons have?
Excitability and conductivity
The ability to respond to a stimulus is ________?
Conductivity is?
Excitability
The ability to transmit a signal
Neuroglia are?
Specialized cells that SUPPORT the neurons in some way
What are the two gross anatomical basis of the nervous system?
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord which are surrounded and protected by the skull and vertebral column respectively
Everything outside the central nervous system is the?
Peripheral nervous system
What are the two subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Automatic nervous system
What is the Somatic nervous system composed of?
The Somatic afferent (sensory) division
The Somatic efferent (motor) division
Somatic afferent (sensory) division does what?
Receives sensory information and conveys it to the spinal cord and brain via nerves
Somatic efferent (motor) division does what?
Regulates the contraction of skeleton muscles via neuronal pathway that descend from the brain and spinal cord to lower motor neurons
Target is ALWAYS skeletal muscle
What does the Peripheral nervous system do?
Delivers sensory information to the CNS and carries motor commands to the peripheral tissue ans systems
What does the Autonomic nervous system do?
Sensory neurons that convey information form receptors in the viscera to the CNS and motor neurons form the CNS that conduct impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.
What is unique about autonomic nervous system?
Since its motor responses are not normally under concussions control, the ANS is involuntary.
What are the two branches of Autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
What is the difference in Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Process promoted by sympathetic neurons often involve expenditure of energy while those promoted by the parasympathetic neurons restore and conserve body energy.
Fight or flight is
Sympathetic
What are the three principle parts of the neuron
1) The cell body
2) Dendrites
3) An axon
What are two unique structures in the cell body of a neuron?
Neurotubules and Neurofilaments
Neurotubles do what?
Function in the intracellular transport of proteins and other substances, in both directions between the cell body and the ends of the processes
