what are the three risk categories in a risk stratification
low risk moderate risk high risk
advantage of doubly-labeled water
very accurate measure of energy expenditure (measure CO2 production) can more easily simulate real world situations
what is validity
does it truly measure or capture physical activity, is it precise or accurate
what is the second objective looked for in medical review
symptoms that suggest underlying chronic disease such as angina shortness of breath dizziness or syncope palpitations or tachy ankle edema
how is intensity defined
% of VO2 max % of VO2 reserve % of HR max % of HR reserve METS- metabolic equivalent
what defines moderate risk
men > 45 women > 55 asymptomatic 2 or more CVD risk factors
what is in a health appraisal
identify possible medical problems characteristics that increase risk of health problems signs or symptoms indicative of health problems lifestyle behaviors related to positive or negative health fitness test results
high risk can do what kind of exercise
need DR consent
disadvantages of heart rate measuring
not an actual measure of energy expenditure must be recorded very often fluctuates based upon many factors such as mood, eating, stress, etc
what are the advantages of direct calorimetry
single best measure of energy expenditure b/c it measures heat production very accurate
do we still see natural selection today
yes
what kind of medications should fitness professionals be able to identify
high blood pressure cholesterol blood sugar
advantages of self report
easy to use inexpensive can be used with a large sample of people acceptable correlation to other measures
disadvantages of self report
must rely on subjects to remember activities and be truthful difficult to assess intensity of activity need different questionnaires for different groups of people
how can we measure physical activity
direct calorimetry doubled labeled water indirect calorimetry heart rate movement sensors self-report questionnaires
disadvantage of doubly-labeled water
very expensive have to closely monitor water/fluid intake must track subjects closely for 1 to 2 weeks and collect urine
what defines high risk
one or more sigs or symptoms or with known CVD, pulmonary, or metabolic disease
how do we screen for increased risk
obtain medical history perform a risk assessment/ appraisal
disadvantages of direct calorimetry
very expensive difficult to simulate real world conditions so it may not be generalizable
in fitness testing, what measurements are taken at rest
HR BP percent body fat waist circumference low back flexibility
disadvantages of movement sensors
difficult to assess intensity of activity false positives low validity
moderate risk can do what kind of exercise
moderate intensity
what are some health status evaluation categories
MR.Please medical history risk factor assessment prescribed medications level of physical activity establish need for physician consent administer and eval fitness tests set up exercise prescription eval progress with follow up tests
advantage of heart rate measuring
strong relationship between HR and energy expenditure during steady state exercise with large muscle groups relatively inexpensive can be monitored during normal activites
advantage of indirect calorimetry
accurate measure of energy expenditure (measures CO2 production)
advantage of movement sensors
quantify body movement acceptable correlation to energy expenditure inexpensive good for real world monitoring
what measurements are taken during exercise
HR BP rating of perceived exertion VO2
history of PAR-Q
developed in canada 1970 revised in 1994 should contact DR if one or more yes
what must be in a screening questionnaire
valid provide relevant and accurate info
what are the three major chronic diseases we screen for
CVD pulmonary disease metabolic disease (diabetes)
