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Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) > (Lecture) Vibrio, Aeromonas, Campylobacter, and Helicobacter > Flashcards

(Lecture) Vibrio, Aeromonas, Campylobacter, and Helicobacter Flashcards

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1
Q

Factors to consider when identifying Vibrio infection:

A
  1. Recent consumption of raw seafood
  2. Recent immigration or foreign travel
  3. Gastroenteritis with cholera-like or rice-water stools
  4. Accidental trauma incurred during contact with fresh, estuarine, or marine water or associated products
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2
Q

Microscopic morphology of Vibrio specie in broth:

A

Possess polar, sheathed flagella

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3
Q

Microscopic morphology of Vibrio species in solid media:

A

Peritrichous, unsheathed flagella

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4
Q

Catalase Test result of Vibrio specie:

A

Catalase negative except for Vibrio metschnikovii

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5
Q

Oxidase Test result of Vibrio specie:

A

Oxidase positive except for Vibrio metschnikovii

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6
Q

Is Vibrio specie Glucose Fermenter of Non-Glucose Fermenter?

A

Glucose Fermenter

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7
Q

Is Vibrio specie Vibriostatic 0/129 susceptible or resistant?

A

Vibriostatic 0/129 Susceptible

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8
Q

Does Vibrio grow on MAC or not?

A

Vibrio species do not grow on MAC

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9
Q

Routine media used for Vibrio species:

A

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Agar

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10
Q

Is Vibrio positive for String test or negative?

A

Positive String Test

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11
Q

Most Vibrio exhibit a positive string test is observed as a mucoid “stringing” reaction after emulsification of colonies in _____

A

0.5% sodium deoxycholate

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12
Q

Most Vibrio species are susceptible to the vibriostatic compound O/129, exhibiting a zone of inhibition to a 150-µg Vibriostat disk on _____ or _____

A

Mueller-Hinton Agar
Trypticase Soy Agar

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13
Q

All specie of Vibrio are halophilic or “salt-loving” except for what specie/s?

A

Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio mimicus

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14
Q

Three major subgroups of V. cholerae:

A

Vibrio cholerae O1
Vibrio cholerae 0139
Vibrio cholerae non-O1

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15
Q

Based on the composition of O antigen, V. cholerae O1 organisms are divided into the following serotypes:

A
  1. Ogawa – India
  2. Inaba – Philippines
  3. Hikojima – Japan
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16
Q

Causative agent of cholera (aka Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera)

A

Vibrio cholerae O1

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17
Q

Vibrio cholerae O1 is also known as _____ or _____

A

Asiatic cholera
Epidemic cholera

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18
Q

Cholera is prevalent in the Bengal region of _____ and _____

A

India
Bangladesh

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19
Q

This is responsible for rice watery stools in cholera that contains which can rapidly lead to dehydration and death.

A

Cholera toxin or choleragen

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20
Q

In treatment for Cholera, if the patient is resistant to tetracycline or doxycycline, what antibiotics is/are used?

A

Azithromycin
Ciprofloxacin

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21
Q

Two types of Cholera:

A
  1. Classical Type of Cholera
  2. El Tor Type of Cholera
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22
Q

What Cholera type is negative and positive for Voges Proskauer Test?

A

Negative: Classical Type of Cholera
Positive: El Tor Type of Cholera

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23
Q

What Cholera Type of resistant and susceptible for the Polymixin B Susceptibility Test?

A

Resistant: Classical Type of Cholera
Susceptible: El Tor Type of Cholera

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24
Q

A Type of Cholera that agglutinate chicken red blood cells:

A

El Tor Type of Cholera

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25
The second most common Vibrio species implicated in gastroenteritis after V. cholerae.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
26
Vibrio parahaemolyticus was first recognized as a pathogen in _____ in year _____
Japan 1950
27
Vibrio parahemolyticus is the primary cause of _____ in Japan.
Summer Diarrhea
28
The pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus is not as well understood as V. cholerae. However, there is a possible association between hemolysin production and virulence, known as the _____
Kanagawa Phenemenon
29
It has been observed that most clinical V. parahaemolyticus strains produce a heat-stable hemolysin that is able to lyse human erythrocytes in a special, high-salt mannitol medium which is the _____
Wagatsuma Agar
30
Vibrio specie that is least pathogenic and most frequently isolated
Vibrio alginolyticus
31
Two categories of infection under Vibrio vulnificus specie:
Primary septicemia Wound Infections
32
On SBA and CAP, what is the appearance of Vibrio species?
Medium to large colonies that appear smooth, opaque, and iridescent with a greenish hue
33
Media/s that can give Vibrio species a false-positive oxidase reactions:
MAC CIN
34
Transport Media used for Vibrio species if there is a delay in specimen processing:
Carry-Blair
35
Recommended Selective Medium for Vibrio spp.
TCBS
36
Non-sucrose Fermenter Vibrio species:
V. mimicus V. parahaemolyticus P. damsela Most V. vulnificus strains Some V. vulnificus
37
Sucrose Fermenter Vibrio species:
V. cholerae V. alginolyticus V. fluvialis V. furnissii V. conconnatiensis V. metschnikovii
38
Enrichment procedure for Vibrio species:
Alkaline peptone water with 1% NaCl can be inoculated (at least 20 mL) and incubated for 5 to 8 hours at 35° C
39
All Vibrio spp. are inositol fermenter except for _____ and _____
V. cincinnatiensis Some strains of V. metschnikovii
40
Oxidase Test result for Aeromonas:
Oxidase Positive
41
Are Aeromonas Glucose Fermenter or Non-glucose Fermenter?
Glucose Fermenter
42
A specie of Aeromonas that is most frequently associated with gastrointestinal infections.
A. caviae
43
Colony appearance of Aeromonas:
Large, round, raised, opaque colonies with an entire edge and a smooth, often mucoid surface
44
Hemolytic pattern of Aeromonas:
Strong β-hemolysis
45
Colony appearance of Aeromonas on CIN:
Pink-centered colonies (mannitol fermenter)
46
Are Aeromonas inositol positive or inositol negative?
Inositol negative
47
A specie under Aeromonas that is Lactose-fermenter:
A. caviae
48
Are Aeromonas string test positive or string test negative?
String test negative
49
A re Aeromonas Vibriostatic O/129 susceptible or resistant?
Vibriostatic O/129 resistant
50
On CIN Medium, Aeromonas will form pink-centered colonies from the fermentation of mannitol, with an uneven, clear apron resembling _____
Yersinia enterocolitica
51
A positive oxidase distinguishes Aeromonads from the family _____
Enterobacteriaceae
52
For separation of Aeromonads from Plesiomonads, one can use the _____
Inositol Fermentation
53
The ability to ferment glucose, with or without the production of gas, distinguishes Aeromonas from _____
Pseudomonas
54
The best tests to distinguish the Aeromonads from Vibrio spp. are the _____ AND _____
String Test Sensitivity to O/129
55
A Campylobacter specie which is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worlwide
C. jejuni
56
Mode of transmission of Campylobacterioses:
- Direct contact with animals and handling infected pets, such as dogs, cats, and birds - Indirectly by the consumption of contaminated water and dairy products and improperly cooked poultry - Person-person transmission
57
A Campylobacter specie that is the causative agent of bacteremia
C. fetus
58
Patients infected with C. jejuni present with a diarrheal disease that begins with mild abdominal pain within _____ after ingestion of the organisms.
2 to 10 days
59
In most patients, the illness caused by C. jejuni is self-limited and usually resolves in _____
2 to 6 days
60
An autoimmune disorder characterized by acute paralysis caused by damage to the peripheral nervous system
GBS (Guillain-Barré Syndrome)
61
Important specie under Helicobacter
Helicobacter pylori
62
The major cause of type B gastritis or peptic ulcer
Helicobacter pylori
63
Specimen for Campylobacter causing gastroenteritis (C. jejuni):
- Stool - Rectal swab (less preferred)
64
If there is a delay in the processing of specimen for Campylobacter specie, what is the Transport medium used?
Carry-Blair
65
A common stool transport medium, _____, is toxic to enteric Campylobacters and should therefore be avoided.
Buffered Glycerol Saline
66
Specimen of choice of C. fetus:
Blood with incubation at 35 degree Celsius to 37 degree Celsius
67
Specimen of choice for Helicobacter:
Gastric biopsy material
68
Transport medium for Helicobacter species:
Stuart medium
69
Gastric biopsy samples obtain from patients with suspected Helicobacter specie may also be placed in _____
Cysteine-Brucella broth with 20% glycerol and frozen at −70°C
70
Commonly used selective media for C. jejuni:
Campy-BAP (blood agar plate)
71
Other selective media that have been successful in recovering Campylobacter spp. are:
Butzler medium and Skirrow’s medium
72
Commonly used media for H. pylori:
CAP or Brucella agar with 5% Horse red blood cells (nonselective medium)
73
Selective media for H. pylori:
Skirrow’s agar
74
Incubation temperature of Campylobacter jejuni:
42 degree Celsius
75
Incubation temperature of Helicobacter pylori:
37 degree Celsius
76
Ideal Atmospheric Environment for Campylobacter:
5% O2, 10% CO2
77
Ideal Atmospheric Environment for Helicobacter:
5% to 10% O2 and 5% to 12% CO2
78
What is the specie that has a colony morphology of smooth, convex, translucent colonies?
C. fetus subsp. fetus
79
What is the specie that has a colony morphology of moist, runny looking, and spreading?
C. jejuni and other enteric Campylobacters
80
In between Helicobacter pylori and Camyplobacter jejuni, identify what is specie is positive and negative on Urease Test.
Positive: Helicobacter pylori Negative: Campylobacter jejuni
81
In between Helicobacter pylori and Camyplobacter jejuni, identify what is specie is positive and negative on Hippurate Hydrolysis Test.
Positive: Campylobacter jejuni Negative: Helicobacter pylori

Clinical Bacteriology (Midterm) (11 decks)

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