Leg and Foot

Question 1

Crural fascia

Answer 1

deep fascia of the leg

Question 2

Compartments of leg

Answer 2

posterior, lateral, anterior

Question 3

superficial posterior compartment muscles

Answer 3

Gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantari

Question 4

Gastrocnemius AIM

Answer 4

A: medial and lateral femoral condyles to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (achilles)
I: Tibial n.
M: knee flexion, plantar flexion

Question 5

Soleus AIM

Answer 5

A: fibula and tibia to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
I: tibial n.
M: plantarflexion

Question 6

What do soleus and gastrocnemius form together?

Answer 6

gastric soleus group

Question 7

Plantari innervation

Answer 7

tibial n.

Question 8

Muscles in deep posterior leg compartment

Answer 8

Flexor hallicus longus (FHL), tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus (FDL), and popliteus

Question 9

Flexor hallicus longus AIM

Answer 9

A: fibula to distal phalanx of great toe
I: tibial n.
M: Flexes 1st digit, plantarflexion

Question 10

Tibialis posterior AIM

Answer 10

A: fibula and tibia to tarsal and metatarsal
I: tibial n.
M: plantarflexion, inversion

Question 11

Tibalis posterior courses around ___ causing ____

Answer 11

medial malleolus, foot inversion when muscle shortens

Question 12

Flexor digitorum longus AIM

Answer 12

A: tibia to distal phalanx of digits 2-5
I: tibial n.
M: flexes digits 2-5, plantarflexion

Question 13

popliteus innervation

Answer 13

tibial n.

Question 14

Where do deep posterior compartment muscles pass?

Answer 14

posterior to ankle joint

Question 15

Muscles in lateral compartment

Answer 15

fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

Question 16

fibularis longus AIM

Answer 16

A: proximal fibula to medial tarsal and metatarsal
I: superficial fibular n.
M: eversion, plantarflexion

Question 17

FIbularis longus passes___

Answer 17

posterior at lateral malleolus

Question 18

Fibularis brevis AIM

Answer 18

A: distal fibular to 5th metatarsal
I: superficial fibular n.
M: eversion, plantarflexion

Question 19

Muscles in anterior compartment

Answer 19

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus

Question 20

Tibialis anterior AIM

Answer 20

A: tibia to medial tarsal and metatarsal
I: deep fibular n.
M: dorsiflexion, inversion

Question 21

Is tibialis anterior medial or lateral to foot?

Answer 21

Medial

Question 22

Extensor hallicus longus AIM

Answer 22

A: fibula to distal phalanx of great toe
I: deep fibiular n.
M: dorsiflexion, extends great toe

Question 23

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 23

A: tibia and fibula to distal phalanx of toes 2-5
I: deep fibular nerve
M: dorsiflexion, extends toes 2-5

Question 24

Sciatic nerve

Answer 24

gives rise to tibial and fibular nerves providing motor below the knee

Question 25

Tibial nerve

Answer 25

passes between deep and superficial posterior compartments innervating both compartments

Question 26

Branches of common fibular nerve

Answer 26

superficial and deep fibular nerve

Question 27

superficial fibular nerve

Answer 27

innervates lateral compartment

Question 28

Deep fibular nerve

Answer 28

innervates anterior compartment

Question 29

external iliac artery

Answer 29

turns into femoral artery then popliteal artery after adductor hiatus providing all blood below knee

Question 30

popliteal artery bifurcates into ____

Answer 30

anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries (in proximal posterior leg)

Question 31

Posterior tibial artery

Answer 31

courses with tibial nerve through posterior compartment

Question 32

Anterior tibial artery

Answer 32

passes to anterior compartment

Question 33

Plantar aponeurosis (fascia) structure and attachment

Answer 33

Superficial structure on plantar aspect of foot | Attaches to calcaneus to proximal phalanx of digits 1-5

Question 34

Plantar aponeurosis functions

Answer 34

Heel strike to mid stance: absorbs loads imposed by body weight Mid-stance to push off: contributes to rigid nature of the foot during push off

Question 35

muscles in layer 1 (most superficial) of foot

Answer 35

abductor digiti minimi, abductor hallicus, and flexor digitorum brevis

Question 36

Muscles in layer 2 of foot

Answer 36

lumbricals, quadratus plantae

Question 37

muscles in layer 3 of foot

Answer 37

Flexor digiti minimi brevis, adductor hallucis (2 heads), and flexor hallicus brevis

Question 38

Muscles in layer 4 of foot (most deep)

Answer 38

3 plantar interossei, 4 dorsal interossei, peroneus longus tendon, and posterior tibialis tendon