lesson 1 Flashcards
(47 cards)
______ is a branch if science that deals with living organisms and their vital processes.
Biology
In its broadest sense, biology is the study of living things - _______
the science of life
Before Aristotle, many Greek philosopherss had speclated about the origins of Earth and of life, but their theorizing was unsupported by empirical investigation
Antiquity
middle ages brougt a decline in the Roman Empire and the disappearance of knowledg, but _____ expanded interest in both empirical natural histiry and physiology
Renaissance
This covers 17th to 18th
century. Systematizing,
naming and classifying
dominated natural
history throughout
much of the 17th and
18th centuries.
Age of Enlightenment
Biology advanced in
many ways, including
the establishment of
evolutionary theory,
cell theory, and the
laws of heredity.
19th Century
In the 20th century, biology focused on molecular biology, genetics, and the application of mathematics and information theory
Modern Days
Who are the 9 notable proponents of biology
- Aristotle
- Claudius Galen
- Andreas Vesallius
- William Harvey
- Marccelo Malpighi
- Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
- Carolus Linnaeus
- Gregor Mendel
- Charles Darwin
- Greek Philosopher
- Pioneered zoology
- First to classify living things
- Divided the plants into herbs,
shrubs, trees, and animals into
land dwellers, water dwellers,
and air dwellers
Aristotle (384 - 322)
- Greek physician who described
the anatomy of the human
body based on dissections of
apes and pigs. - Showed that arteries carry
blood
Claudius Galen (131 - 200)
- Father of Modern Anatomy
- A Belgian who made the first
studies on human anatomy by
dissecting corpses “De Humani
Corporis Fabrica”. - He pioneered the comparative
approach
Andreas Vesalius (1514 - 1564)
- English physician who showed
conclusively that the heart
pumps the blood and the blood
circulates. - Proved the principle that
structure and function must be
studied together.
William Harvey (1578 - 1657)
- Italian physician and anatomist
who was the founder of
microscopic anatomy. - Discovered capillaries and red
blood cells. - Observed the microscopic
components of the liver, brain,
kidneys, spleen, bone, and the
Malpighian layer
Marcello Malpighi (1628 - 1694)
- A Dutch cloth merchant who
was the first to use the
microscope with great
observational and descriptive
skills. - His most important discoveries
were microorganisms (including
bacteria), sperm cells and
single-celled organisms called
protozoans
Anton Van Leeuwenheok (1632 - 1694)
- Father of Taxonomy
- Swedish biologist who
developed binomial
nomenclature to classify and
organize plants and animals
Carolus Linnaeus (1707 - 1778)
- Father of Genetics
- Austrian biologist who
developed the principles of
heredity by studying the
variation and heredity of seven
pairs of inherited
characteristics in pea plants
Gregor Mendel (1822 - 1884)
- An English naturalist
The most prominent figure in
the history of biology. - His book “Origin of Species”
(1859) presents the theory of
evolution by natural selection. - His work provided a unifying,
organizing framework for the
field of biology.
Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882)
What are the 8 basic properties of life
- Order
- Senisitivity/response to stimuli
- Reproduction
- Adaptation
- Growth and Development
- Regulation and homeostasis
- Energy Processing
- Evolution
___________ is the mathematical
and experimental technique employed in
the sciences. More specifically, it is the
technique used in the construction and
testing of a scientific hypothesis.
Scientific Method
What are the 6 steps of scientific method
- Make an observation
- Ask question
- Form a hypothesis
- Test the hypothesis
- Aanalyze your data
- Share your result
- ___________
refers to all of the
variety of life that
exists on Earth. - _________ can be
described and
measured at three
different levels:
species, genetic,
and ecosystem
diversity.
Biodiversity
How do we showcase the diversity of life?
Biodiversity
People have been trying to classify the tremendous diversity of life on Earth for more than two thousand years. The science
of classifying organisms is called ____________. Classification is an important step in understanding the present diversity and
past evolutionary history of life on Earth. It helps make sense of the overwhelming diversity of living things.
Taxonomy
what is the mnemonic of
D’ King Philip Came Over From Germanay Sober
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
