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NURS 175 - Nursing Practice Foundations > Lesson 1 - Infection Control > Flashcards

Lesson 1 - Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

Chain of Infection

A

-the cyclic loop that involves spreading infection
-6 parts to the chain of infection

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2
Q

Goal of Infection

A

break the chain

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3
Q

1/6: Infectious Agents

A

-pathogens that produces diseases
-the pathogen enters a susceptible host and survives

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4
Q

2/6: Reservoir

A

-where pathogens survive and multiply
-needs: right temperature, pH, light
-examples of reservoirs: animals, food, poop, people, surfaces

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5
Q

3/6: Portals of Exit (from reservoir)

A

-places on reservoir where the pathogen can exit
-must asses portals of exit beforehand
-ie. eyes, nose, vagina, anus, mouth, broken skin, etc.

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6
Q

4/6: Vehicle

A

-mode of transmission through a non-living object
-washing hands most important in preventing
-ie E. coli in feces

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7
Q

Direct Contact

A

-with an infected or colonized patient
-ie C. diff or MRSA

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8
Q

Indirect Contact

A

via an object

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9
Q

Droplets

A

-large droplets produced by coughing or sneezing
-ie influenza, rubella

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10
Q

Airborne

A

-smaller droplets suspended in the air
-ie measles, chicken poz

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11
Q

Vector

A

-method of transportation via a living thing
-ie mosquitoes, rabies

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12
Q

5/6: Portals of Entry

A

-places where microorganisms enter another person after exiting the reservoir
-ie broken skin, mouth, vagina, nose, eye, insect bite

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13
Q

6/6: Susceptible Host

A

-place where the pathogen can survive and eventually pass on to the next person
-some people are more susceptible: babies, malnourished/stressed people, elderly people, cancer patients

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14
Q

Factors infection depends on

A

-virulence of microorganisms
-resistance of the host

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15
Q

Localized Infection

A

-infection that affects only one body part or organ

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16
Q

Systemic Infection

A

-infection in the bloodstream that spreads to the entire body

17
Q

Controlling Infectious Agents

A

-washing hands
-PPE
-sterile equipment
-isolation
-antibiotics/antivirals

18
Q

Asepsis

A

absence of virus, bacteria, microorganisms

19
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

-reduces organisms on surface
-gloves, routine cleaning, hand washing, clean stethoscope, bedpan, furniture

20
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

-eliminates organisms
-sterile techniques (year 2)

21
Q

Managing Portals of Exit

A

-tissues
-wound care/bandage disposal
-hand washing
-covering cough

22
Q

When to wash hands

A

-before and after each patient
-when hands are visibly soiled
-before touching equipment (ie. in supply closet)
-after body fluid exposure
-before aseptic procedure
-after touching patient surroundings

23
Q

Gloves

A

-prevention of contact between body fluids and wounds

24
Q

Gown

A

-prevent stuff going on uniform

25
Q

Mask

A

-prevent airborne droplets
-isolation patients

26
Q

Face Shield

A

-prevent splashing

27
Q

Protecting Susceptible Host

A

-skin hygiene (lotion, bathing)
-oral hygiene (clean mouth, denture care)
-linens (not folded, prevent ulcers)
-immunizations

28
Q

Contact Precautions (green poster)

A

-microorganisms spread by direct contact
-gown and gloves
-ie C. diff, MRSA (wound), staph infection
-when any body fluid exposure is possible

29
Q

Droplet Precautions (orange poster)

A

-microorganisms spread by droplets during sneezing, coughing, talking
-mask and eye protection
-ie mumps, MRSA (nares)

30
Q

Contact and Droplet Precautions (yellow poster)

A

-microorganisms spread by droplets during sneezing, coughing, talking
-mask, gloves, eyewear, gown
-ie influenza, mumps, MRSA (nares)

31
Q

Airborne Precautions (blue poster)

A

-microorganisms are airborne droplets suspended in air during sneezing, coughing, talking
-N95 mask
-ie TB, measles
-isolation precautions

32
Q

Isolation

A

-single room with negative air pressure, door closed, dedicated equipment

33
Q

Airborne and Contact Precautions (purple poster)

A

-microorganisms are airborne droplets that are suspended in air during coughing and sneezing that settle on surfaces
-ie shingles, chicken pox
-isolation precautions

34
Q

Caring For Isolation Patients

A

-assess risk/infection reason: age, stress, nutritional state, illness, known microorganisms, chain of infection (how did they get it?)
-communicate with patient/family openly and often
-consider health literacy
-assess emotional state
-assess understanding of isolation precautions

35
Q

Community Acquired Infection

A

-infections contracted outside of the hospital

36
Q

Nosocomial Infection

A

-acquired during receiving health care

NURS 175 - Nursing Practice Foundations (11 decks)

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