LESSON 1: Intermolecular Forces in Liquids and Solids

Question 1

explains the properties of gases assuming that gas act independently of each other.

Answer 1

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Question 1

nonbonding forces that exist between molecules

Answer 1

Intermolecular Forces

Question 2

exists between molecules and influences the physical properties of the substance.

Answer 2

Intermolecular

Question 3

exists within each molecule and influences the chemical properties of the substance; can be ionic or covalent.

Answer 3

Intramolecular

Question 4

In terms of attractive forces:

Answer 4

gas < liquid < solid

Question 5

In terms of movement or collision:

Answer 5

solid < liquid < gas

Question 6

Strength determines the state of the substance at room temperature meaning IMF

Answer 6

strong IMFs result in liquids and solids and weak IMFs result in gases

Question 7

Another term for IMF?

Answer 7

Van de Waals Forces

Question 8

• ion and partial charge
• found at the end of the polar molecule that attract each other
• dipoles are polar
• particularly important in solution or ionic

Answer 8

Ion-Dipole

Question 9

• neutral polar molecules
• polar molecules attract each other when the positive end of one molecule
  is near the negative end of another
• weaker than Ion-Dipole
• if it is more polar, the stronger the dipole-dipole interaction; higher dipole,
  stronger IMF

Answer 9

Dipole-Dipole

Question 10

• nonpolar molecules or atoms
• may be unevenly distributed (instantaneous dipoles - induce dipoles in
  neighbouring atoms or molecules)
• depends on the molecular shape
• weakest IMF
• electron sharing
• small and compact, hence, much more difficult to polarize
• present in all molecules

Answer 10

London Dispersion

Question 11

• hydrogen gas bonded with nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine
• a special type of dipole-dipole forces
• occurs in water, DNA, and proteins

Answer 11

Hydrogen Bond

Question 12

IMF in terms of strongest to weakest:

Answer 12

Ion-Dipole > Hydrogen Bond > Dipole-Dipole > London Dispersion

Question 13

attracts electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.

Answer 13

Electronegativity

Question 14

> 1.7

Answer 14

IONIC

Question 15

0.5 - 1.7

Answer 15

POLAR

Question 16

0.4 >

Answer 16

NONPOLAR

Question 17

● If they move with each other, then it is polar.
● If they move against each other, then it is nonpolar.
● If there is a presence of a lone pair, it is polar.

Answer 17

ALWAYS BASE ON MOLECULAR POLARITY

Question 18

a case in which a dipole can be induced, it also increases with molar mass.

Answer 18

Polarizability