Lesson 1A (Part 1)

Question 1

What structures do you look at with high resolution imaging?

Answer 1

Superficial structures

Question 2

What kind of images do you get with high resolution?

Answer 2

High definition images

- better detail

Question 3

What transducer do you use with high resolution?

Answer 3

7.5-15MHz

Question 4

What format do you get with high resolution imaging? (2)

Answer 4

1. Linear array

2. Trapezoid

Question 5

What do you use to asses vascularity with high resolution imagin?

Answer 5

Doppler

Question 6

Where is the thyroid gland situated?

Answer 6

In the neck in front of the larynx and trachea

- at the level of the 5th, 6th and 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae

Question 7

Is the thyroid gland highly vascular?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

How much does the thyroid weigh?

Answer 8

25g

Question 9

What is the thyroid gland surrounded by?

Answer 9

A fibrous capsule

Question 10

What is the shape of the thyroid gland?

Answer 10

Butterfly shaped

- consisting of twolobes, one on either side of the thyroid cartilage and upper cartilaginous rings of the trachea

Question 11

What are the thyroid lobes joined together by?

Answer 11

The isthmus

Question 12

What shape are the thyroid lobes?

Answer 12

Cone

Question 13

How long and wide are the lobes of the thyroid gland? (2)

Answer 13

1. Long = 5cm

2. Wide = 3cm

Question 14

What does the fibrous capsule allow from the thyroid gland?

Answer 14

Allows us to have good definition to be able to image the gland

Question 15

What is the most common variant of the thyroid gland?

Answer 15

Pyramid lobes

Question 16

Lingual thyroid variant

Answer 16

Is when the thyroid tissue is embedded in the tongue

Question 17

What symptoms does the lingual thyroid show?

Answer 17

Usually none

- asymptomatic

Question 18

What happens with lingual thyroid?

Answer 18

Mass becomes large

Question 19

What happens when there is a large mass in the throat region? (3)

Answer 19

1. Dysphagia
   - difficulty swallowing
2. Dysphonia
   - difficulty speaking
3. Dyspnea
   - difficulty breathing

Question 20

When is there no thyroid gland in the neck?

Answer 20

With the lingual thyroid variant

Question 21

What are 2 questions you can ask if you dont see the thyroid in the neck?

Answer 21

1. Have you had surgery?

2. Have you had any chemotherapy?

Question 22

Arterial blood supply?

Answer 22

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Question 23

What is the superior thyroid artery a branch of?

Answer 23

The external carotid artery

Question 24

What is the inferior thyroid artery a branch of?

Answer 24

The subclavian artery

Question 25

How do you get venous return in the thyroid?

Answer 25

Through thyroid veins

Question 26

What do the thyroid veins drain into?

Answer 26

The internal jugular veins

Question 27

Where do the 2 parathyroid glands lay?

Answer 27

Against the posterior surface of each lobe | - sometimes embedded in the thyroid tissue

Question 28

Where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve pass?

Answer 28

Upwards close to the lobes of the gland | - on the right side it lies near the inferior thyroid artery

Question 29

What are the borders of the thyroid gland? (4)

Answer 29

1. Laterally = common carotid arteries and the SCM muscles 2. Anterior/laterally = Jugular veins 3. Anterior = strap muscles 4. Posterior = longus coli muscles

Question 30

What are the 3 strap muscles?

Answer 30

1. Sternohyoid 2. Sternothyroid 3. Omohyoid

Question 31

What is a good landmark for the thyroid?

Answer 31

The esophagus