Lesson 2 | Prelim Flashcards
Review of CELL SHAPE, TISSUE, LAYERS, ORGAN, AND ORGAN SYSTEM RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING
Cell shape of squamous cells
Thin, flat, and scaly
Function of squamous cells
Allows rapid passage of substances through its thin shape
It is well adapted for diffusion/filtration of water, gases, and other substances
Squamous Cells
How many layers and what are the layers of the skin?
2 layers:
1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
Layer deep to the dermis
SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER/ HYPODERMIS
First imaging modality of choice/ standard for examining the skin
ULTRASOUND
Standard for imaging skeletal system/ bones
CT Scan
Standard for imaging underlying soft tissue structures
MRI
Cell shape of skeletal muscle cells
Long and c ylindrical
Other term for skeletal muscle cells
Muscle fiber
Function of skeletal muscle cells
Allows movement of body through muscle contraction (The elongated shape of the cell allows it to contract and relax which generates the movement)
Pigmented area in the skeletal muscle cell
Nucleus
Horizontal lines in the muscle fiber
Striations
Muscle found in the shoulder
Deltoid muscle
Function of the deltoid muscle
Moves the arm in different directions (Movement is made possible because of the presence of many muscle fibers found in the deltoid)
4 imaging modalities for the muscular system
General Image Radiography (eg. Soft Tissue Technique)
MRI
CT Scan
Ultrasound
An imaging modality that plays limited role in evaluation of suspected abnormalities in the muscles, usually just a soft tissue swelling
General Image Radiography
General Image Radiography plays limited role in evaluation of suspected abnormalities in the muscles, usually just a —
soft tissue swelling
A simple radiographic examination wherein usually, the technical exposure factors are adjusted in order to allow the soft tissues to be examined
Soft tissue technique
Cell shape of the bone cell
Stellate
Function of the bone cell
Dictates bone remodeling and repair (made possible through the presence of branches/ processes which communicate with neighboring osteocyte or other cells)
Most common type of bone cell
Osteocyte
Primary bone found in mature bones
Osteocyte
Bones found in the hand
Phalanges
Metacarpals
Carpals
Distal portion of the bones in the hands
Phalanges
Proximal to the phalanges
Metacarpals
What are the carpals also known as?
Wrist bones
Most proximal part of the bone hand
Carpals
3 imaging modalities for the skeletal system
GENERAL RADIOGRAPHY/ X-RAY
CT SCAN
BONE DENSITOMETRY
Can provide a more detailed image of the bones, but it is more expensive
CT Scan
First imaging modality of choice for skeletal system/ bones
General Radiography/ X-ray
Cell shape of the spinal cord
Stellate or Globular
Function of the spinal cord
Transmit electric signals (branches/ processes emerging from its body: responsible for its function)
Transverse cut to a structure/ tissue
Cross section
Butterfly structure/ inner part of the spinal cord
Gray matter
Surrounding structure outside the butterfly shape
White matter
3 imaging modalities for the nervous system
FLUOROSCOPY/ FLUOROSCOPE (eg. MYELOGRAPHY/ MYELOGRAM)
CT SCAN
MRI
2 Types of cells found in the lungs
- THIN-SHAPED
- CUBOIDAL/ ROUNDED