Lesson 8 | Finals Flashcards
1
Q
Number of muscles in the body
A
600+
2
Q
Main function of the muscles
A
Allows movement
3
Q
Other term for muscle fibers
A
muscle cells
4
Q
A bundled group of muscle fibers
A
Fascicle
5
Q
Tendons vs ligaments
A
Tendons: Muscle to bone
Ligaments: Bone to bone
6
Q
Types of muscles according to fascicle arrangement
A
Parallel
Fusiform
Circular
Pennate (Unipennate, Bipennate, Multipennate)
PFPC
7
Q
Fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the muscle
A
Parallel muscles
8
Q
Has flat sheet appearance
A
Parallel muscles
9
Q
Examples of parallel muscles
A
Sternohyoid muscle
Sartorius muscle
10
Q
Longest muscle in the body
A
Sartorius muscle
11
Q
Middle region of a spindle-shaped muscle
A
Belly
12
Q
Fascicles are nearly parallel; spindle-shaped
A
Fusiform
13
Q
Shape of fusiform muscles
A
Spindle-shaped
14
Q
Examples of fusiform
A
Biceps brachii
15
Q
Explain what is a spindle shape
A
Narrow at both ends, wide towards the center
16
Q
Fascicles in concentric circular arrangement form sphincter muscles
A
Circular
17
Q
Fascicle arracngement of circular muscles
A
concentric circular arrangement
18
Q
Examples of circular muscles
A
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
19
Q
Orbicularis oculi vs Orbicularis oris
A
Orbicularis oculi: encircles the eye
Orbicularis oris: encirces the mouth
20
Q
Usually found encircling an orifice
A
Sphincter muscle
21
Q
Orifice
A
opening
22
Q
Other term for triangular muscles
A
Convergent
23
Q
Fascicles are spread over a broad area
A
Triangular
24
Q
Why are triangular muscles also called convergent muscles?
A
Fascicles converge into a narrow or a single point of tendon
25
Examples of triangular muscle
Pectoralis major
26
Short fascicles in relation to total muscle length
Pennate
27
Tendon extends nearly entire length of muscle
Pennate
28
Term that means feather-like appearance
Pena
29
Fascicles anchor only on one side of the tendon
Unipennate
30
Example of a unipennate
Extensor digitorum longus
31
Fascicles on both sides of tendons
Bipennate
32
Example of a bipennate
Rectus femoris
33
Fascicles insert on multiple tendons towards a common tendon
Multipennate
34
Example of a multipennate
Deltoid
35
Ways as to how muscles are named
* Shape
* No. of heads
* Points of attachment
* Direction of fibers
* Size of muscles
* Function
Ns PDFs
36
Naming muscles according to shape
* Deltoid
* Trapezius
* Serratus Anterior
* Rhomboid
* Orbicularis
* Pectinate/ Pectineus Muscle
* Piriformis
* Platys/ Platysma
* Quadratus Femoris
* Gracillis Muscle
STOP QR PGPD
37
Shape of deltoid muscle
Triangular
38
Shape of trapezius muscle
Trapezoid
39
Shape of serratus anterior
saw-toothed
40
Shape of rhombus muscle
rhomboid
41
Shape of obicularis muscles
circular
42
Shape of pectinate muscle
Comb-like
43
Shape of piriformis muscles
Pear-shaped
44
Shape of platysma
Flat
45
Shape of quadratus femoris
Square
46
Shape of the gracillis muscle
Slender
47
Muscles according to number of heads
* Biceps (ex. biceps brahii)
* Triceps (ex. triceps brachii)
* Quadriceps (ex. quadriceps femoris)
48
Brachii
arm
49
ceps
head
50
Muscles of attachment sites
Origin
Insertion
51
Origin vs insertion
ORIGIN
- Point of attachment that do not move when muscles contract
- More stationary when contraction occurs
INSERTION
- Point of attachment that moves
- Moves toward the origin bone when the muscle shortens
52
Muscle categories of the head and neck
* Muscles of tfacial expression
* Muscles of mastication
* Muscles of the neck that move the head
53
Provides us with the ability to express a wide variety of emotions
Muscles of facial expression
54
Muscles of facial expression origin and insertion
Origin: Skull
Insertion: Skin
55
Muscles of facial expression
Scalp muscles
- Occipitofrontalis
Mouth muscles
- Orbicularis oris
- Zygomaticus major and minor
- Levator labii superioris
- Depressor labii inferioris
- Buccinator
- Mentalis
MOLD BZ
Orbit and eyebrow muscles
- Orbicularis oculi
- Corruagator Supercilii
56
Draws the scalp anteriorly and posteriorly
Occipitofrontalis
57
Two parts of the occipitofrontalis
Frontal belly (Forehead)
Occipital belly (back of head)
58
Means "lips"
Labii
59
Means "cheek"
Bucc
60
Chin protrudes lower lip
Mental
61
Responsible for blinking
Orbicularis oculi
62
Function of the corrugator supercilli
Draws the eyebrows (ex. angry expression)
63
Means "eyebrows"
Supercilii
64
Muscles that move the mandible
Muscles of mastication
65
Muscles of mastication
* Masseter
* Temporalis
* Medial Ptetygoid and Lateral Pterygoid
66
Function of medial and laterial pterygoid
Protracts, depress, side to side movement
67
Muscles of the neck that move the head
Sternocleidomastoid
68
Function of the sternocleidomastoid
Flex, extend, and rotate head
69
DIvisions of the sternocleidomastoid
Sterno → sternum
Cledio → clavicle
Mastoid → mastoid process of temporal bone
70
Responsiblities of the muscles of the thorax
* Helping us breathe
* Moving the pectroal girdle
71
Muscles responsible for helping us breathe
* Diaphragm
* External intercostal
* Internal intercostal
72
Increases/ decreases thoracic cavity
* Diaphragm
* External intercostal
* Internal intercostal
73
Means "ribs"
Costal
74
Means "in between"
Inter
75
Muscles of the thorax responsible for moving the pectoral girdle
Anterior
- Subclavius
- Pectoralis minor
- Serratus anterior
Posterior
- Trapezius
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid major and minor
76
Compositions of the pectoral gridle
Scapula and clavicle
77
Means "below"
Sub
78
Means "clavicle"
Clavis
79
Means "chest/breast"
Pector
80
Function of the levator scapulae
Elevates scapula
81
Muscles that move the arm
Axial muscles
- Pectoralis major
- Latissimus dorsi
Scapular muscles
- Deltoid
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres major and minor
- Coracobrachialis
SIT CDS
82
Means "spine of the scapula"
Spinatus
83
Parts of the forearm
Radius and ulna
84
Classifications of the muscles that move the forearm
* Forearm flexors
* Forearm extensors
* Forearm pronators
* Forearm supinators
85
Forearm flexors
* Biceps brachii
* Brachialis
* Brachioradialis
86
Most powerful forearm flexor
Brachialis
87
Forearm extensors
Triceps brachii
88
Forearm pronators
* Pronator teres
* Pronator quadratus
89
Forearm supinators
Supinator
90
How are abodminal muscles named?
Named according to the orientation of fibers
91
Abdominal muscles
* Rectus abdominis
* External and internal oblique
* Transversus abdominis
* Quadratus lumborum
QT(IE)R
92
Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline
Parallel to vertical plane/ midline
Rectus
93
Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline
Diagonal to midline
Oblique
94
Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline
Perpendicular to midline
Transverse
95
Muscles that move the femur
* Gluteus maximus
* Psoas major
96
Largest muscle in the body
Gluteus muscle
97
Means "buttocks"
Glutes
98
Thigh muscles are found in the thigh area, but moves what?
Femur, tibia, and fibula
99
Thigh muscles
* Quadriceps femoris
* Sartorius
100
Function of massester
Elevates mandible
101
Function of temporalis
Retracts mandible
102
Widest muscle
Latissimus dorsi
